Antioxidant and Fluorescence Properties of Hydrogenolyzised Polymeric Proanthocyanidins Prepared Using SO(4)(2−)/ZrO(2) Solid Superacids Catalyst

Larix bark oligomeric proanthocyanidins (LOPC) were prepared from larix bark polymeric proanthocyanidins (LPPC) by catalytic hydrogenolysis using SO(4)(2−)/ZrO(2) solid superacid as the catalyst. The catalyst to polymeric proanthocyanidins ratio was 0.2:1 (m/m). The LOPC, obtained after hydrogenolysis at 100 °C for 4 h under 3 MPa hydrogen pressure, retained the structural characteristics of proanthocyanidins. The average degree of polymerization was reduced from 9.50% to 4.76% and the depolymerization yield was 53.85%. LOPC has good antioxidant properties and, at the same concentration, the reducing ability of LOPC was much higher than that of LPPC. The IC(50) values of LOPC for scavenging DPPH(•) and ABTS(•+) radicals were 0.046 mg/mL and 0.051 mg/mL, respectively. LOPC is biocompatible and has fluorescent properties that are affected by external factors, such as solvent polarity, pH and the presence of different metal ions. These features indicate that LOPC could be developed as a new biological fluorescent marker. The depolymerization of low-value polymeric proanthocyanidins to provide high-value oligomeric proanthocyanidins and the development of new applications for proanthocyanidins represent significant advances.