Preparation and Improved Physical Characteristics of Propylene Oxide Rubber Composites

Sealing rubbers employed in cold climates such as the Siberian Arctic must be able to withstand temperatures as low as −50 °C while still exhibiting specific relaxation, strength, tribological characteristics, and a resistance to aggressive media. Previous investigations of propylene oxide rubber (SKPO, T(g) = −73 °C) modified with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) have revealed that, while the rubber composite materials exhibit double the wear resistance compared to unmodified polypropylene oxide rubber, they have poor frost resistance. In the present study, we developed materials based on SKPO and ultrafine PTFE (UPTFE), which can be characterized by its smaller particle size, low molecular weight, high tribo-technical characteristics, and resistance to aggressive media. The properties of the rubber composites were evaluated using the standard methods. The structures of the materials were investigated by electron microscopy and XRD analysis. It was shown that the materials have excellent wear resistance, resistance to aggressive media, compression set, and low-temperature resistance. The addition of UPTFE is preferable to the addition of PTFE because the desired positive effects can be attained with only 0.5–1 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) UPTFE while 20 phr PTFE would be necessary.