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Microwave (MW), Ultrasound (US) and Combined Synergic MW-US Strategies for Rapid Functionalization of Pharmaceutical Use Phenols
Increasingly stringent regulations aimed at protection of the natural environment have stimulated the search for new synthetic methodologies in organic and medicinal chemistry having no or minimum harmful effect. An interesting approach is the use of alternative activation factors, microwaves (MW) o...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6225243/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30223575 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092360 |
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author | Pawełczyk, Anna Sowa-Kasprzak, Katarzyna Olender, Dorota Zaprutko, Lucjusz |
author_facet | Pawełczyk, Anna Sowa-Kasprzak, Katarzyna Olender, Dorota Zaprutko, Lucjusz |
author_sort | Pawełczyk, Anna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Increasingly stringent regulations aimed at protection of the natural environment have stimulated the search for new synthetic methodologies in organic and medicinal chemistry having no or minimum harmful effect. An interesting approach is the use of alternative activation factors, microwaves (MW) or ultrasounds (US) and also their cross-combination, which has been tested in the fast and efficient creation of new structures. At present, an easy and green hybrid strategy (“Lego” chemistry) is generally recommended for the design of new substances from different chemistry building blocks. Often, selected biologically active components with specific chemical reactivities are integrated by a suitably designed homo- or heterodifunctional linker that modifies the functionality of the starting structure, allowing easy covalent linkage to another molecule. In this study, a fast introduction of heterodifunctional halogenoacidic linker to selected mono-, di- and triphenolic active substances, allowing their functionalization, was investigated. Nucleophilic substitution reaction was chosen to produce final ethers with the reactive carboxylic group from phenols. The functionalization was performed using various green factors initiating and supporting the chemical reactions (MW, US, MW-US). The benefits of the three green supporting methods and different conditions of reactions were analyzed and compared with the results of the reaction performed by conventional methods. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6225243 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62252432018-11-13 Microwave (MW), Ultrasound (US) and Combined Synergic MW-US Strategies for Rapid Functionalization of Pharmaceutical Use Phenols Pawełczyk, Anna Sowa-Kasprzak, Katarzyna Olender, Dorota Zaprutko, Lucjusz Molecules Article Increasingly stringent regulations aimed at protection of the natural environment have stimulated the search for new synthetic methodologies in organic and medicinal chemistry having no or minimum harmful effect. An interesting approach is the use of alternative activation factors, microwaves (MW) or ultrasounds (US) and also their cross-combination, which has been tested in the fast and efficient creation of new structures. At present, an easy and green hybrid strategy (“Lego” chemistry) is generally recommended for the design of new substances from different chemistry building blocks. Often, selected biologically active components with specific chemical reactivities are integrated by a suitably designed homo- or heterodifunctional linker that modifies the functionality of the starting structure, allowing easy covalent linkage to another molecule. In this study, a fast introduction of heterodifunctional halogenoacidic linker to selected mono-, di- and triphenolic active substances, allowing their functionalization, was investigated. Nucleophilic substitution reaction was chosen to produce final ethers with the reactive carboxylic group from phenols. The functionalization was performed using various green factors initiating and supporting the chemical reactions (MW, US, MW-US). The benefits of the three green supporting methods and different conditions of reactions were analyzed and compared with the results of the reaction performed by conventional methods. MDPI 2018-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6225243/ /pubmed/30223575 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092360 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Pawełczyk, Anna Sowa-Kasprzak, Katarzyna Olender, Dorota Zaprutko, Lucjusz Microwave (MW), Ultrasound (US) and Combined Synergic MW-US Strategies for Rapid Functionalization of Pharmaceutical Use Phenols |
title | Microwave (MW), Ultrasound (US) and Combined Synergic MW-US Strategies for Rapid Functionalization of Pharmaceutical Use Phenols |
title_full | Microwave (MW), Ultrasound (US) and Combined Synergic MW-US Strategies for Rapid Functionalization of Pharmaceutical Use Phenols |
title_fullStr | Microwave (MW), Ultrasound (US) and Combined Synergic MW-US Strategies for Rapid Functionalization of Pharmaceutical Use Phenols |
title_full_unstemmed | Microwave (MW), Ultrasound (US) and Combined Synergic MW-US Strategies for Rapid Functionalization of Pharmaceutical Use Phenols |
title_short | Microwave (MW), Ultrasound (US) and Combined Synergic MW-US Strategies for Rapid Functionalization of Pharmaceutical Use Phenols |
title_sort | microwave (mw), ultrasound (us) and combined synergic mw-us strategies for rapid functionalization of pharmaceutical use phenols |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6225243/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30223575 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092360 |
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