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Capacity for upregulation of emotional processing in psychopathy: all you have to do is ask

Historically, psychopathic individuals have been described as suffering a chronic hyporesponsivity to negatively valent stimuli. However, while a wide body of empirical work indicates that the psychopath does not manifest normal reactivity to emotional stimuli, it does not similarly indicate that th...

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Autores principales: Shane, Matthew S, Groat, Lindsay L
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6234320/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30257006
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsy088
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author Shane, Matthew S
Groat, Lindsay L
author_facet Shane, Matthew S
Groat, Lindsay L
author_sort Shane, Matthew S
collection PubMed
description Historically, psychopathic individuals have been described as suffering a chronic hyporesponsivity to negatively valent stimuli. However, while a wide body of empirical work indicates that the psychopath does not manifest normal reactivity to emotional stimuli, it does not similarly indicate that they cannot do so. To attempt to differentiate these alternatives, the current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study evaluated the extent to which offenders with varying PCL-R scores could up- (or down-) regulate their neural response to negatively valent stimuli. Participants were asked to either watch negatively- and neutrally-valent images naturally (passive-processing), or to try to increase or decrease their emotional response to the images (instructed-processing). During passive processing, high-psychopathy offenders showed reduced activity compared to both low- and mid-psychopathic offenders through a majority of emotion-relevant regions. However, when participants were instructed to try to increase their emotional response all groups showing increased activity throughout relevant regions, including left insula, orbitofrontal cortex and anterior cingulate/medial frontal cortex (ACC/mFC). Comparison of participants' subjective emotion ratings indicated that all groups showed symmetry between their neural/subjective emotion metrics, and the high-psychopathy group may have showed the greatest such symmetry. These findings suggest that psychopathic individuals may be capable of manifesting emotional reactivity to negatively valent stimuli, at least under certain conditions. Relevance for traditional and developing models of psychopathy is discussed in turn.
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spelling pubmed-62343202018-11-19 Capacity for upregulation of emotional processing in psychopathy: all you have to do is ask Shane, Matthew S Groat, Lindsay L Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci Original Article Historically, psychopathic individuals have been described as suffering a chronic hyporesponsivity to negatively valent stimuli. However, while a wide body of empirical work indicates that the psychopath does not manifest normal reactivity to emotional stimuli, it does not similarly indicate that they cannot do so. To attempt to differentiate these alternatives, the current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study evaluated the extent to which offenders with varying PCL-R scores could up- (or down-) regulate their neural response to negatively valent stimuli. Participants were asked to either watch negatively- and neutrally-valent images naturally (passive-processing), or to try to increase or decrease their emotional response to the images (instructed-processing). During passive processing, high-psychopathy offenders showed reduced activity compared to both low- and mid-psychopathic offenders through a majority of emotion-relevant regions. However, when participants were instructed to try to increase their emotional response all groups showing increased activity throughout relevant regions, including left insula, orbitofrontal cortex and anterior cingulate/medial frontal cortex (ACC/mFC). Comparison of participants' subjective emotion ratings indicated that all groups showed symmetry between their neural/subjective emotion metrics, and the high-psychopathy group may have showed the greatest such symmetry. These findings suggest that psychopathic individuals may be capable of manifesting emotional reactivity to negatively valent stimuli, at least under certain conditions. Relevance for traditional and developing models of psychopathy is discussed in turn. Oxford University Press 2018-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6234320/ /pubmed/30257006 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsy088 Text en © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Shane, Matthew S
Groat, Lindsay L
Capacity for upregulation of emotional processing in psychopathy: all you have to do is ask
title Capacity for upregulation of emotional processing in psychopathy: all you have to do is ask
title_full Capacity for upregulation of emotional processing in psychopathy: all you have to do is ask
title_fullStr Capacity for upregulation of emotional processing in psychopathy: all you have to do is ask
title_full_unstemmed Capacity for upregulation of emotional processing in psychopathy: all you have to do is ask
title_short Capacity for upregulation of emotional processing in psychopathy: all you have to do is ask
title_sort capacity for upregulation of emotional processing in psychopathy: all you have to do is ask
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6234320/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30257006
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsy088
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