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Effects of compound 21, a non-peptide angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist, on general anesthesia-induced cerebral injury in neonatal rats
General anesthesia has a great impact on neurodevelopment. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect and therapeutic methods to address it remain limited. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of compound (C)21, a non-peptide angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist, on general anest...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
D.A. Spandidos
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6236271/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30365086 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9602 |
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author | Yong, Jun Yan, Li Wang, Jing Xiao, Hongmei Zeng, Qingfan |
author_facet | Yong, Jun Yan, Li Wang, Jing Xiao, Hongmei Zeng, Qingfan |
author_sort | Yong, Jun |
collection | PubMed |
description | General anesthesia has a great impact on neurodevelopment. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect and therapeutic methods to address it remain limited. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of compound (C)21, a non-peptide angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist, on general anesthesia-induced cerebral injury in neonatal rats. Neonatal Sprague Dawley rats (postnatal day 7) were randomly divided into three groups (n=6 per group): The control, isoflurane and C21+ isoflurane (C21) group. General anesthesia was induced through inhalation of 1.3% isoflurane. Apoptosis and synaptic structure were analyzed. The levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. BCL2, apoptosis regulator (Bcl-2) expression was also measured. Compared with the control group, the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and hypothalamus in the isoflurane group had significantly more apoptotic cells (P<0.05). The nuclei of the control group were round and transparent, while shrunken nuclei and condensed chromatin were visible in the isoflurane group. A reduction in synapse number was observed in the isoflurane group compared with the control. By contrast, nuclei shrinkage and the decrease in synaptic number was improved in the C21 group. PPAR-α and Bcl-2 expression, at the mRNA and protein levels, was significantly reduced in the isoflurane group compared with the control (P<0.05). C21 treatment reduced the decrease in PPAR-α and Bcl-2 in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and hypothalamus (P<0.05). Collectively, it was demonstrated that C21 prevented apoptosis and synaptic loss induced by general anesthesia in neonatal rats by enhancing the expression of PPAR-α and Bcl-2. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6236271 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | D.A. Spandidos |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62362712018-11-19 Effects of compound 21, a non-peptide angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist, on general anesthesia-induced cerebral injury in neonatal rats Yong, Jun Yan, Li Wang, Jing Xiao, Hongmei Zeng, Qingfan Mol Med Rep Articles General anesthesia has a great impact on neurodevelopment. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect and therapeutic methods to address it remain limited. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of compound (C)21, a non-peptide angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist, on general anesthesia-induced cerebral injury in neonatal rats. Neonatal Sprague Dawley rats (postnatal day 7) were randomly divided into three groups (n=6 per group): The control, isoflurane and C21+ isoflurane (C21) group. General anesthesia was induced through inhalation of 1.3% isoflurane. Apoptosis and synaptic structure were analyzed. The levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. BCL2, apoptosis regulator (Bcl-2) expression was also measured. Compared with the control group, the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and hypothalamus in the isoflurane group had significantly more apoptotic cells (P<0.05). The nuclei of the control group were round and transparent, while shrunken nuclei and condensed chromatin were visible in the isoflurane group. A reduction in synapse number was observed in the isoflurane group compared with the control. By contrast, nuclei shrinkage and the decrease in synaptic number was improved in the C21 group. PPAR-α and Bcl-2 expression, at the mRNA and protein levels, was significantly reduced in the isoflurane group compared with the control (P<0.05). C21 treatment reduced the decrease in PPAR-α and Bcl-2 in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and hypothalamus (P<0.05). Collectively, it was demonstrated that C21 prevented apoptosis and synaptic loss induced by general anesthesia in neonatal rats by enhancing the expression of PPAR-α and Bcl-2. D.A. Spandidos 2018-12 2018-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6236271/ /pubmed/30365086 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9602 Text en Copyright: © Yong et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
spellingShingle | Articles Yong, Jun Yan, Li Wang, Jing Xiao, Hongmei Zeng, Qingfan Effects of compound 21, a non-peptide angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist, on general anesthesia-induced cerebral injury in neonatal rats |
title | Effects of compound 21, a non-peptide angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist, on general anesthesia-induced cerebral injury in neonatal rats |
title_full | Effects of compound 21, a non-peptide angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist, on general anesthesia-induced cerebral injury in neonatal rats |
title_fullStr | Effects of compound 21, a non-peptide angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist, on general anesthesia-induced cerebral injury in neonatal rats |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of compound 21, a non-peptide angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist, on general anesthesia-induced cerebral injury in neonatal rats |
title_short | Effects of compound 21, a non-peptide angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist, on general anesthesia-induced cerebral injury in neonatal rats |
title_sort | effects of compound 21, a non-peptide angiotensin ii type 2 receptor agonist, on general anesthesia-induced cerebral injury in neonatal rats |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6236271/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30365086 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9602 |
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