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Genomes reveal marked differences in the adaptive evolution between orangutan species

BACKGROUND: Integrating demography and adaptive evolution is pivotal to understanding the evolutionary history and conservation of great apes. However, little is known about the adaptive evolution of our closest relatives, in particular if and to what extent adaptions to environmental differences ha...

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Autores principales: Mattle-Greminger, Maja P., Bilgin Sonay, Tugce, Nater, Alexander, Pybus, Marc, Desai, Tariq, de Valles, Guillem, Casals, Ferran, Scally, Aylwyn, Bertranpetit, Jaume, Marques-Bonet, Tomas, van Schaik, Carel P., Anisimova, Maria, Krützen, Michael
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6237011/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30428903
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-018-1562-6
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author Mattle-Greminger, Maja P.
Bilgin Sonay, Tugce
Nater, Alexander
Pybus, Marc
Desai, Tariq
de Valles, Guillem
Casals, Ferran
Scally, Aylwyn
Bertranpetit, Jaume
Marques-Bonet, Tomas
van Schaik, Carel P.
Anisimova, Maria
Krützen, Michael
author_facet Mattle-Greminger, Maja P.
Bilgin Sonay, Tugce
Nater, Alexander
Pybus, Marc
Desai, Tariq
de Valles, Guillem
Casals, Ferran
Scally, Aylwyn
Bertranpetit, Jaume
Marques-Bonet, Tomas
van Schaik, Carel P.
Anisimova, Maria
Krützen, Michael
author_sort Mattle-Greminger, Maja P.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Integrating demography and adaptive evolution is pivotal to understanding the evolutionary history and conservation of great apes. However, little is known about the adaptive evolution of our closest relatives, in particular if and to what extent adaptions to environmental differences have occurred. Here, we used whole-genome sequencing data from critically endangered orangutans from North Sumatra (Pongo abelii) and Borneo (P. pygmaeus) to investigate adaptive responses of each species to environmental differences during the Pleistocene. RESULTS: Taking into account the markedly disparate demographic histories of each species after their split ~ 1 Ma ago, we show that persistent environmental differences on each island had a strong impact on the adaptive evolution of the genus Pongo. Across a range of tests for positive selection, we find a consistent pattern of between-island and species differences. In the more productive Sumatran environment, the most notable signals of positive selection involve genes linked to brain and neuronal development, learning, and glucose metabolism. On Borneo, however, positive selection comprised genes involved in lipid metabolism, as well as cardiac and muscle activities. CONCLUSIONS: We find strikingly different sets of genes appearing to have evolved under strong positive selection in each species. In Sumatran orangutans, selection patterns were congruent with well-documented cognitive and behavioral differences between the species, such as a larger and more complex cultural repertoire and higher degrees of sociality. However, in Bornean orangutans, selective responses to fluctuating environmental conditions appear to have produced physiological adaptations to generally lower and temporally more unpredictable food supplies. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s13059-018-1562-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-62370112018-11-23 Genomes reveal marked differences in the adaptive evolution between orangutan species Mattle-Greminger, Maja P. Bilgin Sonay, Tugce Nater, Alexander Pybus, Marc Desai, Tariq de Valles, Guillem Casals, Ferran Scally, Aylwyn Bertranpetit, Jaume Marques-Bonet, Tomas van Schaik, Carel P. Anisimova, Maria Krützen, Michael Genome Biol Research BACKGROUND: Integrating demography and adaptive evolution is pivotal to understanding the evolutionary history and conservation of great apes. However, little is known about the adaptive evolution of our closest relatives, in particular if and to what extent adaptions to environmental differences have occurred. Here, we used whole-genome sequencing data from critically endangered orangutans from North Sumatra (Pongo abelii) and Borneo (P. pygmaeus) to investigate adaptive responses of each species to environmental differences during the Pleistocene. RESULTS: Taking into account the markedly disparate demographic histories of each species after their split ~ 1 Ma ago, we show that persistent environmental differences on each island had a strong impact on the adaptive evolution of the genus Pongo. Across a range of tests for positive selection, we find a consistent pattern of between-island and species differences. In the more productive Sumatran environment, the most notable signals of positive selection involve genes linked to brain and neuronal development, learning, and glucose metabolism. On Borneo, however, positive selection comprised genes involved in lipid metabolism, as well as cardiac and muscle activities. CONCLUSIONS: We find strikingly different sets of genes appearing to have evolved under strong positive selection in each species. In Sumatran orangutans, selection patterns were congruent with well-documented cognitive and behavioral differences between the species, such as a larger and more complex cultural repertoire and higher degrees of sociality. However, in Bornean orangutans, selective responses to fluctuating environmental conditions appear to have produced physiological adaptations to generally lower and temporally more unpredictable food supplies. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s13059-018-1562-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2018-11-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6237011/ /pubmed/30428903 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-018-1562-6 Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Mattle-Greminger, Maja P.
Bilgin Sonay, Tugce
Nater, Alexander
Pybus, Marc
Desai, Tariq
de Valles, Guillem
Casals, Ferran
Scally, Aylwyn
Bertranpetit, Jaume
Marques-Bonet, Tomas
van Schaik, Carel P.
Anisimova, Maria
Krützen, Michael
Genomes reveal marked differences in the adaptive evolution between orangutan species
title Genomes reveal marked differences in the adaptive evolution between orangutan species
title_full Genomes reveal marked differences in the adaptive evolution between orangutan species
title_fullStr Genomes reveal marked differences in the adaptive evolution between orangutan species
title_full_unstemmed Genomes reveal marked differences in the adaptive evolution between orangutan species
title_short Genomes reveal marked differences in the adaptive evolution between orangutan species
title_sort genomes reveal marked differences in the adaptive evolution between orangutan species
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6237011/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30428903
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-018-1562-6
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