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Adaptation to the Direction of Others’ Gaze: A Review
The direction of another person’s gaze provides us with a strong cue to their intentions and future actions, and, correspondingly, the human visual system has evolved to extract information about others’ gaze from the sensory stream. The perception of gaze is a remarkably plastic process: adaptation...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6237883/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30473675 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02165 |
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author | Clifford, Colin W. G. Palmer, Colin J. |
author_facet | Clifford, Colin W. G. Palmer, Colin J. |
author_sort | Clifford, Colin W. G. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The direction of another person’s gaze provides us with a strong cue to their intentions and future actions, and, correspondingly, the human visual system has evolved to extract information about others’ gaze from the sensory stream. The perception of gaze is a remarkably plastic process: adaptation to a particular direction of gaze over a matter of seconds or minutes can cause marked aftereffects in our sense of where other people are looking. In this review, we first discuss the measurement, specificity, and neural correlates of gaze aftereffects. We then examine how studies that have explored the perceptual and neural determinants of gaze aftereffects have provided key insights into the nature of how other people’s gaze direction is represented within the visual hierarchy. This includes the level of perceptual representation of gaze direction (e.g., relating to integrated vs. local facial features) and the interaction of this system with higher-level social-cognitive functions, such as theory of mind. Moreover, computational modeling of data from behavioral studies of gaze adaptation allows us to make inferences about the functional principles that govern the neural encoding of gaze direction. This in turn provides a foundation for testing computational theories of neuropsychiatric conditions in which gaze processing is compromised, such as autism. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6237883 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62378832018-11-23 Adaptation to the Direction of Others’ Gaze: A Review Clifford, Colin W. G. Palmer, Colin J. Front Psychol Psychology The direction of another person’s gaze provides us with a strong cue to their intentions and future actions, and, correspondingly, the human visual system has evolved to extract information about others’ gaze from the sensory stream. The perception of gaze is a remarkably plastic process: adaptation to a particular direction of gaze over a matter of seconds or minutes can cause marked aftereffects in our sense of where other people are looking. In this review, we first discuss the measurement, specificity, and neural correlates of gaze aftereffects. We then examine how studies that have explored the perceptual and neural determinants of gaze aftereffects have provided key insights into the nature of how other people’s gaze direction is represented within the visual hierarchy. This includes the level of perceptual representation of gaze direction (e.g., relating to integrated vs. local facial features) and the interaction of this system with higher-level social-cognitive functions, such as theory of mind. Moreover, computational modeling of data from behavioral studies of gaze adaptation allows us to make inferences about the functional principles that govern the neural encoding of gaze direction. This in turn provides a foundation for testing computational theories of neuropsychiatric conditions in which gaze processing is compromised, such as autism. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6237883/ /pubmed/30473675 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02165 Text en Copyright © 2018 Clifford and Palmer. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Clifford, Colin W. G. Palmer, Colin J. Adaptation to the Direction of Others’ Gaze: A Review |
title | Adaptation to the Direction of Others’ Gaze: A Review |
title_full | Adaptation to the Direction of Others’ Gaze: A Review |
title_fullStr | Adaptation to the Direction of Others’ Gaze: A Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Adaptation to the Direction of Others’ Gaze: A Review |
title_short | Adaptation to the Direction of Others’ Gaze: A Review |
title_sort | adaptation to the direction of others’ gaze: a review |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6237883/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30473675 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02165 |
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