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Adsorption of Potentially Toxic Metals from Mono and Multi-Metal Systems Using Groundnut and Shea Nut Shell Biochars

BACKGROUND. Adsorption is a unique and promising method for the removal of trace metals from an aqueous environment using cost-effective and readily available biochars. OBJECTIVE. The present study examined mono and simultaneous adsorption of cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) onto biochars pr...

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Autores principales: Duwiejuah, Abudu Ballu, Cobbina, Samuel Jerry, Quainoo, Albert Kojo, Abubakari, Abdul Halim, Bakobie, Noel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Black Smith Institute 2018
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6239062/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30524851
http://dx.doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-8.18.16
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author Duwiejuah, Abudu Ballu
Cobbina, Samuel Jerry
Quainoo, Albert Kojo
Abubakari, Abdul Halim
Bakobie, Noel
author_facet Duwiejuah, Abudu Ballu
Cobbina, Samuel Jerry
Quainoo, Albert Kojo
Abubakari, Abdul Halim
Bakobie, Noel
author_sort Duwiejuah, Abudu Ballu
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND. Adsorption is a unique and promising method for the removal of trace metals from an aqueous environment using cost-effective and readily available biochars. OBJECTIVE. The present study examined mono and simultaneous adsorption of cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) onto biochars produced at pyrolysis temperatures of 350 ± 5°C and 700 ± 5°C. METHODS. Fifty mg/l of trace metal ions with 2 g/50 ml of adsorbent dosage were leached at constant room temperature of 24 ± 0.5°C in the laboratory with a constant contact time of 72 minutes. A total of 126 elutes were obtained from the batch experiments and conveyed to the Ecological Laboratory at University of Ghana for the analysis. RESULTS. In the mono-component system of Cd, Hg and Pb, removal efficiency was almost 100% using groundnut, shea nut shell, and a combination of groundnut and shea nut shell biochars. The experiment showed that shea nut shell biochars have the strongest affinity for trace metal ions in the mono aqueous phase. In the binary system, the removal efficiency was over 99.60% for cadmium and 100% for mercury. The ternary experiment showed an order of adsorption of Pb(2+) > Hg(2+) > Cd(2+) for Cd, Hg and Pb ions onto groundnut and shea nut shells biochars. Fast pyrolysis temperatures and some types of biochar showed a slight increase in the adsorption efficiency of metal ions, but the increase was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS. The study revealed that the Langmuir adsorption isotherm was the best fit model for trace metal ion adsorption onto biochars in the batch experiment. The interactive effects of binary and ternary metal systems onto biochars are antagonistic and synergistic in nature. Based on these results, it is recommended that further competitive adsorption studies of these biochars should be undertaken for accurate estimation of adsorption in natural environments. COMPETING INTERESTS. The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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spelling pubmed-62390622018-12-06 Adsorption of Potentially Toxic Metals from Mono and Multi-Metal Systems Using Groundnut and Shea Nut Shell Biochars Duwiejuah, Abudu Ballu Cobbina, Samuel Jerry Quainoo, Albert Kojo Abubakari, Abdul Halim Bakobie, Noel J Health Pollut Research BACKGROUND. Adsorption is a unique and promising method for the removal of trace metals from an aqueous environment using cost-effective and readily available biochars. OBJECTIVE. The present study examined mono and simultaneous adsorption of cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) onto biochars produced at pyrolysis temperatures of 350 ± 5°C and 700 ± 5°C. METHODS. Fifty mg/l of trace metal ions with 2 g/50 ml of adsorbent dosage were leached at constant room temperature of 24 ± 0.5°C in the laboratory with a constant contact time of 72 minutes. A total of 126 elutes were obtained from the batch experiments and conveyed to the Ecological Laboratory at University of Ghana for the analysis. RESULTS. In the mono-component system of Cd, Hg and Pb, removal efficiency was almost 100% using groundnut, shea nut shell, and a combination of groundnut and shea nut shell biochars. The experiment showed that shea nut shell biochars have the strongest affinity for trace metal ions in the mono aqueous phase. In the binary system, the removal efficiency was over 99.60% for cadmium and 100% for mercury. The ternary experiment showed an order of adsorption of Pb(2+) > Hg(2+) > Cd(2+) for Cd, Hg and Pb ions onto groundnut and shea nut shells biochars. Fast pyrolysis temperatures and some types of biochar showed a slight increase in the adsorption efficiency of metal ions, but the increase was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS. The study revealed that the Langmuir adsorption isotherm was the best fit model for trace metal ion adsorption onto biochars in the batch experiment. The interactive effects of binary and ternary metal systems onto biochars are antagonistic and synergistic in nature. Based on these results, it is recommended that further competitive adsorption studies of these biochars should be undertaken for accurate estimation of adsorption in natural environments. COMPETING INTERESTS. The authors declare no competing financial interests. Black Smith Institute 2018-06-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6239062/ /pubmed/30524851 http://dx.doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-8.18.16 Text en © 2018 Pure Earth This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0).
spellingShingle Research
Duwiejuah, Abudu Ballu
Cobbina, Samuel Jerry
Quainoo, Albert Kojo
Abubakari, Abdul Halim
Bakobie, Noel
Adsorption of Potentially Toxic Metals from Mono and Multi-Metal Systems Using Groundnut and Shea Nut Shell Biochars
title Adsorption of Potentially Toxic Metals from Mono and Multi-Metal Systems Using Groundnut and Shea Nut Shell Biochars
title_full Adsorption of Potentially Toxic Metals from Mono and Multi-Metal Systems Using Groundnut and Shea Nut Shell Biochars
title_fullStr Adsorption of Potentially Toxic Metals from Mono and Multi-Metal Systems Using Groundnut and Shea Nut Shell Biochars
title_full_unstemmed Adsorption of Potentially Toxic Metals from Mono and Multi-Metal Systems Using Groundnut and Shea Nut Shell Biochars
title_short Adsorption of Potentially Toxic Metals from Mono and Multi-Metal Systems Using Groundnut and Shea Nut Shell Biochars
title_sort adsorption of potentially toxic metals from mono and multi-metal systems using groundnut and shea nut shell biochars
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6239062/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30524851
http://dx.doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-8.18.16
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