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Selective Autophagy and Xenophagy in Infection and Disease

Autophagy, a cellular homeostatic process, which ensures cellular survival under various stress conditions, has catapulted to the forefront of innate defense mechanisms during intracellular infections. The ability of autophagy to tag and target intracellular pathogens toward lysosomal degradation is...

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Autores principales: Sharma, Vartika, Verma, Surbhi, Seranova, Elena, Sarkar, Sovan, Kumar, Dhiraj
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6243101/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30483501
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2018.00147
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author Sharma, Vartika
Verma, Surbhi
Seranova, Elena
Sarkar, Sovan
Kumar, Dhiraj
author_facet Sharma, Vartika
Verma, Surbhi
Seranova, Elena
Sarkar, Sovan
Kumar, Dhiraj
author_sort Sharma, Vartika
collection PubMed
description Autophagy, a cellular homeostatic process, which ensures cellular survival under various stress conditions, has catapulted to the forefront of innate defense mechanisms during intracellular infections. The ability of autophagy to tag and target intracellular pathogens toward lysosomal degradation is central to this key defense function. However, studies involving the role and regulation of autophagy during intracellular infections largely tend to ignore the housekeeping function of autophagy. A growing number of evidences now suggest that the housekeeping function of autophagy, rather than the direct pathogen degradation function, may play a decisive role to determine the outcome of infection and immunological balance. We discuss herein the studies that establish the homeostatic and anti-inflammatory function of autophagy, as well as role of bacterial effectors in modulating and coopting these functions. Given that the core autophagy machinery remains largely the same across diverse cargos, how selectivity plays out during intracellular infection remains intriguing. We explore here, the contrasting role of autophagy adaptors being both selective as well as pleotropic in functions and discuss whether E3 ligases could bring in the specificity to cargo selectivity.
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spelling pubmed-62431012018-11-27 Selective Autophagy and Xenophagy in Infection and Disease Sharma, Vartika Verma, Surbhi Seranova, Elena Sarkar, Sovan Kumar, Dhiraj Front Cell Dev Biol Physiology Autophagy, a cellular homeostatic process, which ensures cellular survival under various stress conditions, has catapulted to the forefront of innate defense mechanisms during intracellular infections. The ability of autophagy to tag and target intracellular pathogens toward lysosomal degradation is central to this key defense function. However, studies involving the role and regulation of autophagy during intracellular infections largely tend to ignore the housekeeping function of autophagy. A growing number of evidences now suggest that the housekeeping function of autophagy, rather than the direct pathogen degradation function, may play a decisive role to determine the outcome of infection and immunological balance. We discuss herein the studies that establish the homeostatic and anti-inflammatory function of autophagy, as well as role of bacterial effectors in modulating and coopting these functions. Given that the core autophagy machinery remains largely the same across diverse cargos, how selectivity plays out during intracellular infection remains intriguing. We explore here, the contrasting role of autophagy adaptors being both selective as well as pleotropic in functions and discuss whether E3 ligases could bring in the specificity to cargo selectivity. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-11-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6243101/ /pubmed/30483501 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2018.00147 Text en Copyright © 2018 Sharma, Verma, Seranova, Sarkar and Kumar. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Sharma, Vartika
Verma, Surbhi
Seranova, Elena
Sarkar, Sovan
Kumar, Dhiraj
Selective Autophagy and Xenophagy in Infection and Disease
title Selective Autophagy and Xenophagy in Infection and Disease
title_full Selective Autophagy and Xenophagy in Infection and Disease
title_fullStr Selective Autophagy and Xenophagy in Infection and Disease
title_full_unstemmed Selective Autophagy and Xenophagy in Infection and Disease
title_short Selective Autophagy and Xenophagy in Infection and Disease
title_sort selective autophagy and xenophagy in infection and disease
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6243101/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30483501
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2018.00147
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