Transcatheter arterial embolization for initial hemostasis in a hemodynamically unstable patient with mesenteric hemorrhage: A case report

Surgical treatment of mesenteric injuries is necessary to control hemorrhage, manage bowel injuries, and evaluate bowel perfusion. It has recently been suggested that some patients can be managed with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for initial hemostasis. We present a hemodynamically unstable patient who was initially managed by TAE for traumatic mesenteric hemorrhage. A 60-year-old man was injured in a motor vehicle accident and transported to our facility. On arrival, the patient was hemodynamically stable, and had abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed a seatbelt sign on the lower abdomen. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan showed intra-abdominal hemorrhage, mesenteric hematoma, and a giant-pseudoaneurysm, but no intra-abdominal free air or changes in the appearance of the bowel wall. After the CT scan, his vital signs deteriorated and surgical intervention was considered, but TAE was performed to control the hemorrhage. After TAE, the patient was hemodynamically stable and had no abdominal tenderness. A follow-up CT scan was performed 2 days later which showed partial necrosis of the transverse colon and some free air. Resection of the injured transverse colon with primary anastomosis was performed. The patient improved and was discharged 35 days after injury. TAE can be effective as the initial hemostatic procedure in patients with traumatic mesenteric hemorrhage.