Increased glycated albumin and decreased esRAGE levels in serum are related to negative coronary artery remodeling in patients with type 2 diabetes: an Intravascular ultrasound study

BACKGROUND: Negative coronary artery remodeling is frequent in patients with diabetes, but its mechanism remains unclear. We here evaluated the association of serum levels of glycated albumin (GA) and endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products (esRAGE) with coronary artery remodeling in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: Serum levels of GA and esRAGE were measured and intravascular ultrasound was performed in 136 consecutive diabetic patients with 143 coronary intermediate lesions. The remodeling index (RI) was calculated as the ratio between external elastic membrane (EEM) area at the lesion site and EEM area at the reference segment. Negative remodeling (NR) was defined as an RI < 0.95 and intermediate or positive remodeling as an RI ≥ 0.95. RESULTS: Mean plaque burden at the lesion site was 70.96 ± 9.98%, and RI was 0.96 ± 0.18. Negative coronary arterial remodeling existed in 81 (56.6%) lesions. RI correlated closely with serum esRAGE level (r = 0.236, P = 0.005) and was inversely related to serum GA level (r = − 0.240, P = 0.004) and plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (r = − 0.206, P = 0.014) and total cholesterol levels (r = − 0.183, P = 0.028). Generalized estimating equations logistic regression analysis identified esRAGE (OR 0.037; 95% CI 0.012–0.564, P = 0.021), GA (OR 1.093; 95% CI 1.013–1.179, P = 0.018) and LDL-C (OR 1.479; 95% CI 1.072–2.835, P = 0.023) as independent predictors for negative remodeling. CONCLUSIONS: In diabetic patients, negative coronary artery remodeling is associated with increased GA and decreased esRAGE levels in serum.