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Emerging Roles of the Membrane Potential: Action Beyond the Action Potential

Whilst the phenomenon of an electrical resting membrane potential (RMP) is a central tenet of biology, it is nearly always discussed as a phenomenon that facilitates the propagation of action potentials in excitable tissue, muscle, and nerve. However, as ion channel research shifts beyond these tiss...

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Autores principales: Abdul Kadir, Lina, Stacey, Michael, Barrett-Jolley, Richard
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6258788/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30519193
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01661
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author Abdul Kadir, Lina
Stacey, Michael
Barrett-Jolley, Richard
author_facet Abdul Kadir, Lina
Stacey, Michael
Barrett-Jolley, Richard
author_sort Abdul Kadir, Lina
collection PubMed
description Whilst the phenomenon of an electrical resting membrane potential (RMP) is a central tenet of biology, it is nearly always discussed as a phenomenon that facilitates the propagation of action potentials in excitable tissue, muscle, and nerve. However, as ion channel research shifts beyond these tissues, it became clear that the RMP is a feature of virtually all cells studied. The RMP is maintained by the cell’s compliment of ion channels. Transcriptome sequencing is increasingly revealing that equally rich compliments of ion channels exist in both excitable and non-excitable tissue. In this review, we discuss a range of critical roles that the RMP has in a variety of cell types beyond the action potential. Whereas most biologists would perceive that the RMP is primarily about excitability, the data show that in fact excitability is only a small part of it. Emerging evidence show that a dynamic membrane potential is critical for many other processes including cell cycle, cell-volume control, proliferation, muscle contraction (even in the absence of an action potential), and wound healing. Modulation of the RMP is therefore a potential target for many new drugs targeting a range of diseases and biological functions from cancer through to wound healing and is likely to be key to the development of successful stem cell therapies.
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spelling pubmed-62587882018-12-05 Emerging Roles of the Membrane Potential: Action Beyond the Action Potential Abdul Kadir, Lina Stacey, Michael Barrett-Jolley, Richard Front Physiol Physiology Whilst the phenomenon of an electrical resting membrane potential (RMP) is a central tenet of biology, it is nearly always discussed as a phenomenon that facilitates the propagation of action potentials in excitable tissue, muscle, and nerve. However, as ion channel research shifts beyond these tissues, it became clear that the RMP is a feature of virtually all cells studied. The RMP is maintained by the cell’s compliment of ion channels. Transcriptome sequencing is increasingly revealing that equally rich compliments of ion channels exist in both excitable and non-excitable tissue. In this review, we discuss a range of critical roles that the RMP has in a variety of cell types beyond the action potential. Whereas most biologists would perceive that the RMP is primarily about excitability, the data show that in fact excitability is only a small part of it. Emerging evidence show that a dynamic membrane potential is critical for many other processes including cell cycle, cell-volume control, proliferation, muscle contraction (even in the absence of an action potential), and wound healing. Modulation of the RMP is therefore a potential target for many new drugs targeting a range of diseases and biological functions from cancer through to wound healing and is likely to be key to the development of successful stem cell therapies. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6258788/ /pubmed/30519193 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01661 Text en Copyright © 2018 Abdul Kadir, Stacey and Barrett-Jolley. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Abdul Kadir, Lina
Stacey, Michael
Barrett-Jolley, Richard
Emerging Roles of the Membrane Potential: Action Beyond the Action Potential
title Emerging Roles of the Membrane Potential: Action Beyond the Action Potential
title_full Emerging Roles of the Membrane Potential: Action Beyond the Action Potential
title_fullStr Emerging Roles of the Membrane Potential: Action Beyond the Action Potential
title_full_unstemmed Emerging Roles of the Membrane Potential: Action Beyond the Action Potential
title_short Emerging Roles of the Membrane Potential: Action Beyond the Action Potential
title_sort emerging roles of the membrane potential: action beyond the action potential
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6258788/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30519193
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01661
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