Numerical investigation of dimensions and arrangement of obstacle on the performance of PEM fuel cell

The fuel cell is an electrochemical energy converter which converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity and heat and has been able to introduce itself as a source of clean power in the world over the past few decades. One of the major technical challenges in the development of PEM fuel cell technology is to achieve high and stable efficiency. One of the key parameters in designing this type of fuel cell is the shape and dimensions of reactors flow field channels on the bipolar plates. In this research, the obstacle is simulated by selecting the obstacle geometry in the channel path, and after choosing the best range (height), the best obstacle width is analyzed to have better performance. The simulation is done for the non-obstacle case and obstacles with 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mm heights and 0.9, 1.8, 2.7 and 3.6 mm widths, respectively. The obtained results for PEMFC show that the height of 1.5 mm and the width of 3.6 mm have the highest impact on the fuel cell efficiency regarding species consumption, pressure drop and current density. Once the proper dimensions of the obstacle have been determined, different arrangements of the obstacle and their effect on the fuel cell efficiency are investigated, and the best arrangement is selected.