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Oral Ingestion of Cannabis sativa: Risks, Benefits, and Effects on Malaria-Infected Hosts
Background: The emergence of a multidrug-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf Pailin) raises concern about malaria control strategies. Unfortunately, the role(s) of natural plants/remedies in curtailing malaria catastrophe remains uncertain. The claims of potential antimalarial activity of...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6260522/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30498786 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/can.2018.0043 |
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author | Akinola, Olugbenga Ogbeche, Elizabeth O. Olumoh-Abdul, Hidayah A. Alli-Oluwafuyi, Abdulmusawwir O. Oyewole, Aboyeji L. Amin, Abdulbasit AbdulMajeed, Wahab Imam Olajide, Olayemi Joseph Nafiu, Abdurrazaq B. Njan, Anoka A. Olorundare, Olufunke E. Gbotosho, Grace O. |
author_facet | Akinola, Olugbenga Ogbeche, Elizabeth O. Olumoh-Abdul, Hidayah A. Alli-Oluwafuyi, Abdulmusawwir O. Oyewole, Aboyeji L. Amin, Abdulbasit AbdulMajeed, Wahab Imam Olajide, Olayemi Joseph Nafiu, Abdurrazaq B. Njan, Anoka A. Olorundare, Olufunke E. Gbotosho, Grace O. |
author_sort | Akinola, Olugbenga |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: The emergence of a multidrug-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf Pailin) raises concern about malaria control strategies. Unfortunately, the role(s) of natural plants/remedies in curtailing malaria catastrophe remains uncertain. The claims of potential antimalarial activity of Cannabis sativa in vivo have not been well established nor the consequences defined. This study was, therefore, designed to evaluate the effects of whole cannabis consumption on malaria-infected host. Methods: Thirty mice were inoculated with dose of 1×10(7) chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected erythrocyte and divided into six treatment groups. Cannabis diet formulations were prepared based on weighted percentages of dried cannabis and standard mice diet and the study animals were fed ad libitum. Chemosuppression of parasitemia, survival rates, parasite clearance, and recrudescence time were evaluated. Histopathological studies were performed on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of the animals after 14 days' consumption of cannabis diet formulation by naive mice. Results: There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the day-4 chemosuppression of parasitemia between the animals that were fed C. sativa and chloroquine relative to the untreated controls. There was also a significant difference in the survival rate (p<0.05) of animals fed C. sativa diet (40%, 20%, 10%, and 1%) in contrast to control animals on standard mice diet. A parasite clearance time of 2.18±0.4 was recorded in the chloroquine treatment group, whereas recrudescence in chloroquine group occurred on day 7. There were slight histomorphological changes in the PFC and cell densities of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of animals that were fed C. sativa. Conclusions: C. sativa displayed mild antimalarial activity in vivo. There was evident reduction in symptomatic manifestation of malaria disease, though unrelated to levels of parasitemia. This disease tolerance status may be beneficial, but may also constitute a transmission burden through asymptomatic carriage of parasites by habitual cannabis users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6260522 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62605222018-11-29 Oral Ingestion of Cannabis sativa: Risks, Benefits, and Effects on Malaria-Infected Hosts Akinola, Olugbenga Ogbeche, Elizabeth O. Olumoh-Abdul, Hidayah A. Alli-Oluwafuyi, Abdulmusawwir O. Oyewole, Aboyeji L. Amin, Abdulbasit AbdulMajeed, Wahab Imam Olajide, Olayemi Joseph Nafiu, Abdurrazaq B. Njan, Anoka A. Olorundare, Olufunke E. Gbotosho, Grace O. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res Original Research Background: The emergence of a multidrug-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf Pailin) raises concern about malaria control strategies. Unfortunately, the role(s) of natural plants/remedies in curtailing malaria catastrophe remains uncertain. The claims of potential antimalarial activity of Cannabis sativa in vivo have not been well established nor the consequences defined. This study was, therefore, designed to evaluate the effects of whole cannabis consumption on malaria-infected host. Methods: Thirty mice were inoculated with dose of 1×10(7) chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected erythrocyte and divided into six treatment groups. Cannabis diet formulations were prepared based on weighted percentages of dried cannabis and standard mice diet and the study animals were fed ad libitum. Chemosuppression of parasitemia, survival rates, parasite clearance, and recrudescence time were evaluated. Histopathological studies were performed on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of the animals after 14 days' consumption of cannabis diet formulation by naive mice. Results: There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the day-4 chemosuppression of parasitemia between the animals that were fed C. sativa and chloroquine relative to the untreated controls. There was also a significant difference in the survival rate (p<0.05) of animals fed C. sativa diet (40%, 20%, 10%, and 1%) in contrast to control animals on standard mice diet. A parasite clearance time of 2.18±0.4 was recorded in the chloroquine treatment group, whereas recrudescence in chloroquine group occurred on day 7. There were slight histomorphological changes in the PFC and cell densities of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of animals that were fed C. sativa. Conclusions: C. sativa displayed mild antimalarial activity in vivo. There was evident reduction in symptomatic manifestation of malaria disease, though unrelated to levels of parasitemia. This disease tolerance status may be beneficial, but may also constitute a transmission burden through asymptomatic carriage of parasites by habitual cannabis users. Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2018-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6260522/ /pubmed/30498786 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/can.2018.0043 Text en © Olugbenga Akinola et al. 2018; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Akinola, Olugbenga Ogbeche, Elizabeth O. Olumoh-Abdul, Hidayah A. Alli-Oluwafuyi, Abdulmusawwir O. Oyewole, Aboyeji L. Amin, Abdulbasit AbdulMajeed, Wahab Imam Olajide, Olayemi Joseph Nafiu, Abdurrazaq B. Njan, Anoka A. Olorundare, Olufunke E. Gbotosho, Grace O. Oral Ingestion of Cannabis sativa: Risks, Benefits, and Effects on Malaria-Infected Hosts |
title | Oral Ingestion of Cannabis sativa: Risks, Benefits, and Effects on Malaria-Infected Hosts |
title_full | Oral Ingestion of Cannabis sativa: Risks, Benefits, and Effects on Malaria-Infected Hosts |
title_fullStr | Oral Ingestion of Cannabis sativa: Risks, Benefits, and Effects on Malaria-Infected Hosts |
title_full_unstemmed | Oral Ingestion of Cannabis sativa: Risks, Benefits, and Effects on Malaria-Infected Hosts |
title_short | Oral Ingestion of Cannabis sativa: Risks, Benefits, and Effects on Malaria-Infected Hosts |
title_sort | oral ingestion of cannabis sativa: risks, benefits, and effects on malaria-infected hosts |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6260522/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30498786 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/can.2018.0043 |
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