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Opening windows and closing gaps: a case analysis of Canada’s 2009 tobacco additives ban and its policy lessons
BACKGROUND: In 2009, Canada adopted legislation (Bill C-32) restricting the sale of flavoured tobacco products, one of the first in the world. This study examines the agenda-setting process leading to the adoption of Bill C-32. METHODS: This research was conducted using a case study design informed...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6260734/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30486817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6157-3 |
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author | Lencucha, Raphael Ruckert, Arne Labonte, Ronald Drope, Jeffrey |
author_facet | Lencucha, Raphael Ruckert, Arne Labonte, Ronald Drope, Jeffrey |
author_sort | Lencucha, Raphael |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: In 2009, Canada adopted legislation (Bill C-32) restricting the sale of flavoured tobacco products, one of the first in the world. This study examines the agenda-setting process leading to the adoption of Bill C-32. METHODS: This research was conducted using a case study design informed by Kingdon’s Multiple Streams framework and Heclo’s policy learning approach. In-depth interviews were conducted with key informants from government, health-based non-governmental organizations (NGOs), trade associations and the cigar manufacturing sector (n = 11). Public documents produced by media (n = 19), government (n = 11), NGOs (n = 15), as well as technical reports (n = 8) and formal stakeholder submissions (n = 137) were included for analysis. Data were coded with the objective of understanding key events or moments in the lead up to the adoption of Bill C-32 and the actors and arguments in support of and opposition to Bill C-32. RESULTS: The findings point to the importance of a small but active group of NGOs who worked to publicize the issue and eventually take advantage of an open policy window. Our analysis also illustrates that even though consensus was developed about the policy problem and civil society was able to garner political support to address the problem, disagreement and dissent pertaining to the technical dimensions of the policy solution created loopholes for the tobacco industry to exploit. CONCLUSIONS: NGOs remain a critical factor in efforts to strengthen tobacco control policy. These organizations were able to mobilize support for the tobacco flavouring ban adopted at the Federal level in Canada, and although the initial Bill had major limitations to achieving the health objectives, the persistence of these NGOs resulted in amendments to close these loopholes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6260734 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62607342018-11-30 Opening windows and closing gaps: a case analysis of Canada’s 2009 tobacco additives ban and its policy lessons Lencucha, Raphael Ruckert, Arne Labonte, Ronald Drope, Jeffrey BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: In 2009, Canada adopted legislation (Bill C-32) restricting the sale of flavoured tobacco products, one of the first in the world. This study examines the agenda-setting process leading to the adoption of Bill C-32. METHODS: This research was conducted using a case study design informed by Kingdon’s Multiple Streams framework and Heclo’s policy learning approach. In-depth interviews were conducted with key informants from government, health-based non-governmental organizations (NGOs), trade associations and the cigar manufacturing sector (n = 11). Public documents produced by media (n = 19), government (n = 11), NGOs (n = 15), as well as technical reports (n = 8) and formal stakeholder submissions (n = 137) were included for analysis. Data were coded with the objective of understanding key events or moments in the lead up to the adoption of Bill C-32 and the actors and arguments in support of and opposition to Bill C-32. RESULTS: The findings point to the importance of a small but active group of NGOs who worked to publicize the issue and eventually take advantage of an open policy window. Our analysis also illustrates that even though consensus was developed about the policy problem and civil society was able to garner political support to address the problem, disagreement and dissent pertaining to the technical dimensions of the policy solution created loopholes for the tobacco industry to exploit. CONCLUSIONS: NGOs remain a critical factor in efforts to strengthen tobacco control policy. These organizations were able to mobilize support for the tobacco flavouring ban adopted at the Federal level in Canada, and although the initial Bill had major limitations to achieving the health objectives, the persistence of these NGOs resulted in amendments to close these loopholes. BioMed Central 2018-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6260734/ /pubmed/30486817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6157-3 Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Lencucha, Raphael Ruckert, Arne Labonte, Ronald Drope, Jeffrey Opening windows and closing gaps: a case analysis of Canada’s 2009 tobacco additives ban and its policy lessons |
title | Opening windows and closing gaps: a case analysis of Canada’s 2009 tobacco additives ban and its policy lessons |
title_full | Opening windows and closing gaps: a case analysis of Canada’s 2009 tobacco additives ban and its policy lessons |
title_fullStr | Opening windows and closing gaps: a case analysis of Canada’s 2009 tobacco additives ban and its policy lessons |
title_full_unstemmed | Opening windows and closing gaps: a case analysis of Canada’s 2009 tobacco additives ban and its policy lessons |
title_short | Opening windows and closing gaps: a case analysis of Canada’s 2009 tobacco additives ban and its policy lessons |
title_sort | opening windows and closing gaps: a case analysis of canada’s 2009 tobacco additives ban and its policy lessons |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6260734/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30486817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6157-3 |
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