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Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis by Non-coding RNAs: Implications for Substance Use Disorders
The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)has been one of the central findings from early genomic sequencing studies. Not only was the presence of these genes unknown previously, it was the staggering disproportionate share of the genome that was predicted to be encoded by ncRNAs that was truly signi...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6261985/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30524229 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00849 |
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author | Oliver, Robert J. Mandyam, Chitra D. |
author_facet | Oliver, Robert J. Mandyam, Chitra D. |
author_sort | Oliver, Robert J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)has been one of the central findings from early genomic sequencing studies. Not only was the presence of these genes unknown previously, it was the staggering disproportionate share of the genome that was predicted to be encoded by ncRNAs that was truly significant in genomic research. Over the years the function of various classes of these ncRNAs has been revealed. One of the first and enduring regulatory programs associated with these factors was development. In the neurosciences, the discovery of adult derived populations of dividing cells within the brain was equally substantial. The brain was hypothesized to be plastic only in its neuronal connectivity, but the discovery of the generation of new neurons was a novel mechanism of neuronal and behavioral plasticity. The process of adult neurogenesis resembles early neuronal development and has been found to share many parallels in the proper stages of specified genetic programs. Adult neurogenesis has also been found to play a role in learning and memory involved in particular hippocampal-dependent behaviors. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are an example of a behavioral condition that is associated with and possibly driven by hippocampal alterations. Our laboratory has determined that hippocampal adult neurogenesis is necessary for a rodent model of methamphetamine relapse. Due to the previous research on ncRNAs in development and in other brain regions involved in SUDs, we posit that ncRNAs may play a role in adult neurogenesis associated with this disorder. This review will cover the regulatory mechanisms of various classes of ncRNAs on the coordinated genetic program associated with adult neurogenesis with a special focus on how these programs could be dysregulated in SUDs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6261985 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62619852018-12-06 Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis by Non-coding RNAs: Implications for Substance Use Disorders Oliver, Robert J. Mandyam, Chitra D. Front Neurosci Neuroscience The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)has been one of the central findings from early genomic sequencing studies. Not only was the presence of these genes unknown previously, it was the staggering disproportionate share of the genome that was predicted to be encoded by ncRNAs that was truly significant in genomic research. Over the years the function of various classes of these ncRNAs has been revealed. One of the first and enduring regulatory programs associated with these factors was development. In the neurosciences, the discovery of adult derived populations of dividing cells within the brain was equally substantial. The brain was hypothesized to be plastic only in its neuronal connectivity, but the discovery of the generation of new neurons was a novel mechanism of neuronal and behavioral plasticity. The process of adult neurogenesis resembles early neuronal development and has been found to share many parallels in the proper stages of specified genetic programs. Adult neurogenesis has also been found to play a role in learning and memory involved in particular hippocampal-dependent behaviors. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are an example of a behavioral condition that is associated with and possibly driven by hippocampal alterations. Our laboratory has determined that hippocampal adult neurogenesis is necessary for a rodent model of methamphetamine relapse. Due to the previous research on ncRNAs in development and in other brain regions involved in SUDs, we posit that ncRNAs may play a role in adult neurogenesis associated with this disorder. This review will cover the regulatory mechanisms of various classes of ncRNAs on the coordinated genetic program associated with adult neurogenesis with a special focus on how these programs could be dysregulated in SUDs. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6261985/ /pubmed/30524229 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00849 Text en Copyright © 2018 Oliver and Mandyam. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Oliver, Robert J. Mandyam, Chitra D. Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis by Non-coding RNAs: Implications for Substance Use Disorders |
title | Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis by Non-coding RNAs: Implications for Substance Use Disorders |
title_full | Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis by Non-coding RNAs: Implications for Substance Use Disorders |
title_fullStr | Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis by Non-coding RNAs: Implications for Substance Use Disorders |
title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis by Non-coding RNAs: Implications for Substance Use Disorders |
title_short | Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis by Non-coding RNAs: Implications for Substance Use Disorders |
title_sort | regulation of adult neurogenesis by non-coding rnas: implications for substance use disorders |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6261985/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30524229 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00849 |
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