Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gallstone disease (GD) are often found to coexist but the sequential relationship of NAFLD and GD to each other remains controversial. We prospectively evaluated the bidirectional relationship of NAFLD with GD. A cohort study was performed on Korean adult...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6262563/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30469392 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm7110458 |
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author | Chang, Yoosoo Noh, Yoo-Hun Suh, Byung-Seong Kim, Yejin Sung, Eunju Jung, Hyun-Suk Kim, Chan-Won Kwon, Min-Jung Yun, Kyung Eun Noh, Jin-Won Shin, Hocheol Cho, Yong Kyun Ryu, Seungho |
author_facet | Chang, Yoosoo Noh, Yoo-Hun Suh, Byung-Seong Kim, Yejin Sung, Eunju Jung, Hyun-Suk Kim, Chan-Won Kwon, Min-Jung Yun, Kyung Eun Noh, Jin-Won Shin, Hocheol Cho, Yong Kyun Ryu, Seungho |
author_sort | Chang, Yoosoo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gallstone disease (GD) are often found to coexist but the sequential relationship of NAFLD and GD to each other remains controversial. We prospectively evaluated the bidirectional relationship of NAFLD with GD. A cohort study was performed on Korean adults who underwent a health checkup and were followed annually or biennially for a mean of 6.0 years. Fatty liver and gallstones were diagnosed by ultrasound. NAFLD was defined as hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography in the absence of excessive alcohol use or other identifiable causes. The NAFLD severity was determined by non-invasive fibrosis markers. Among 283,446 participants without either gallstones or cholecystectomy at baseline, 6440 participants developed gallstones. Among 219,641 participants without NAFLD at baseline, 49,301 participants developed NAFLD. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for incident gallstone comparing the NAFLD group vs. the non-NAFLD group was 1.26 (1.17–1.35). Increased non-invasive fibrosis markers of NAFLD were positively associated with an increased incidence of gallstones in a graded and dose-responsive manner (p-trend < 0.01). The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for incident NAFLD comparing gallstone and cholecystectomy to no GD were 1.14 (1.07–1.22) and 1.17 (1.03–1.33), respectively. This large-scale cohort study of young and middle-aged individuals demonstrated a bidirectional association between NAFLD and GD. NAFLD and its severity were independently associated with an increased incidence of gallstones, while GD and cholecystectomy were also associated with incident NAFLD. Our findings indicate that the conditions may affect each other, requiring further studies to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying this association. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6262563 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62625632018-12-03 Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study Chang, Yoosoo Noh, Yoo-Hun Suh, Byung-Seong Kim, Yejin Sung, Eunju Jung, Hyun-Suk Kim, Chan-Won Kwon, Min-Jung Yun, Kyung Eun Noh, Jin-Won Shin, Hocheol Cho, Yong Kyun Ryu, Seungho J Clin Med Article Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gallstone disease (GD) are often found to coexist but the sequential relationship of NAFLD and GD to each other remains controversial. We prospectively evaluated the bidirectional relationship of NAFLD with GD. A cohort study was performed on Korean adults who underwent a health checkup and were followed annually or biennially for a mean of 6.0 years. Fatty liver and gallstones were diagnosed by ultrasound. NAFLD was defined as hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography in the absence of excessive alcohol use or other identifiable causes. The NAFLD severity was determined by non-invasive fibrosis markers. Among 283,446 participants without either gallstones or cholecystectomy at baseline, 6440 participants developed gallstones. Among 219,641 participants without NAFLD at baseline, 49,301 participants developed NAFLD. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for incident gallstone comparing the NAFLD group vs. the non-NAFLD group was 1.26 (1.17–1.35). Increased non-invasive fibrosis markers of NAFLD were positively associated with an increased incidence of gallstones in a graded and dose-responsive manner (p-trend < 0.01). The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for incident NAFLD comparing gallstone and cholecystectomy to no GD were 1.14 (1.07–1.22) and 1.17 (1.03–1.33), respectively. This large-scale cohort study of young and middle-aged individuals demonstrated a bidirectional association between NAFLD and GD. NAFLD and its severity were independently associated with an increased incidence of gallstones, while GD and cholecystectomy were also associated with incident NAFLD. Our findings indicate that the conditions may affect each other, requiring further studies to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying this association. MDPI 2018-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6262563/ /pubmed/30469392 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm7110458 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Chang, Yoosoo Noh, Yoo-Hun Suh, Byung-Seong Kim, Yejin Sung, Eunju Jung, Hyun-Suk Kim, Chan-Won Kwon, Min-Jung Yun, Kyung Eun Noh, Jin-Won Shin, Hocheol Cho, Yong Kyun Ryu, Seungho Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study |
title | Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study |
title_full | Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study |
title_fullStr | Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study |
title_short | Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study |
title_sort | bidirectional association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and gallstone disease: a cohort study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6262563/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30469392 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm7110458 |
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