Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gallstone disease (GD) are often found to coexist but the sequential relationship of NAFLD and GD to each other remains controversial. We prospectively evaluated the bidirectional relationship of NAFLD with GD. A cohort study was performed on Korean adult...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Chang, Yoosoo, Noh, Yoo-Hun, Suh, Byung-Seong, Kim, Yejin, Sung, Eunju, Jung, Hyun-Suk, Kim, Chan-Won, Kwon, Min-Jung, Yun, Kyung Eun, Noh, Jin-Won, Shin, Hocheol, Cho, Yong Kyun, Ryu, Seungho
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6262563/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30469392
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm7110458
_version_ 1783375132206563328
author Chang, Yoosoo
Noh, Yoo-Hun
Suh, Byung-Seong
Kim, Yejin
Sung, Eunju
Jung, Hyun-Suk
Kim, Chan-Won
Kwon, Min-Jung
Yun, Kyung Eun
Noh, Jin-Won
Shin, Hocheol
Cho, Yong Kyun
Ryu, Seungho
author_facet Chang, Yoosoo
Noh, Yoo-Hun
Suh, Byung-Seong
Kim, Yejin
Sung, Eunju
Jung, Hyun-Suk
Kim, Chan-Won
Kwon, Min-Jung
Yun, Kyung Eun
Noh, Jin-Won
Shin, Hocheol
Cho, Yong Kyun
Ryu, Seungho
author_sort Chang, Yoosoo
collection PubMed
description Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gallstone disease (GD) are often found to coexist but the sequential relationship of NAFLD and GD to each other remains controversial. We prospectively evaluated the bidirectional relationship of NAFLD with GD. A cohort study was performed on Korean adults who underwent a health checkup and were followed annually or biennially for a mean of 6.0 years. Fatty liver and gallstones were diagnosed by ultrasound. NAFLD was defined as hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography in the absence of excessive alcohol use or other identifiable causes. The NAFLD severity was determined by non-invasive fibrosis markers. Among 283,446 participants without either gallstones or cholecystectomy at baseline, 6440 participants developed gallstones. Among 219,641 participants without NAFLD at baseline, 49,301 participants developed NAFLD. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for incident gallstone comparing the NAFLD group vs. the non-NAFLD group was 1.26 (1.17–1.35). Increased non-invasive fibrosis markers of NAFLD were positively associated with an increased incidence of gallstones in a graded and dose-responsive manner (p-trend < 0.01). The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for incident NAFLD comparing gallstone and cholecystectomy to no GD were 1.14 (1.07–1.22) and 1.17 (1.03–1.33), respectively. This large-scale cohort study of young and middle-aged individuals demonstrated a bidirectional association between NAFLD and GD. NAFLD and its severity were independently associated with an increased incidence of gallstones, while GD and cholecystectomy were also associated with incident NAFLD. Our findings indicate that the conditions may affect each other, requiring further studies to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying this association.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6262563
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-62625632018-12-03 Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study Chang, Yoosoo Noh, Yoo-Hun Suh, Byung-Seong Kim, Yejin Sung, Eunju Jung, Hyun-Suk Kim, Chan-Won Kwon, Min-Jung Yun, Kyung Eun Noh, Jin-Won Shin, Hocheol Cho, Yong Kyun Ryu, Seungho J Clin Med Article Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gallstone disease (GD) are often found to coexist but the sequential relationship of NAFLD and GD to each other remains controversial. We prospectively evaluated the bidirectional relationship of NAFLD with GD. A cohort study was performed on Korean adults who underwent a health checkup and were followed annually or biennially for a mean of 6.0 years. Fatty liver and gallstones were diagnosed by ultrasound. NAFLD was defined as hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography in the absence of excessive alcohol use or other identifiable causes. The NAFLD severity was determined by non-invasive fibrosis markers. Among 283,446 participants without either gallstones or cholecystectomy at baseline, 6440 participants developed gallstones. Among 219,641 participants without NAFLD at baseline, 49,301 participants developed NAFLD. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for incident gallstone comparing the NAFLD group vs. the non-NAFLD group was 1.26 (1.17–1.35). Increased non-invasive fibrosis markers of NAFLD were positively associated with an increased incidence of gallstones in a graded and dose-responsive manner (p-trend < 0.01). The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for incident NAFLD comparing gallstone and cholecystectomy to no GD were 1.14 (1.07–1.22) and 1.17 (1.03–1.33), respectively. This large-scale cohort study of young and middle-aged individuals demonstrated a bidirectional association between NAFLD and GD. NAFLD and its severity were independently associated with an increased incidence of gallstones, while GD and cholecystectomy were also associated with incident NAFLD. Our findings indicate that the conditions may affect each other, requiring further studies to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying this association. MDPI 2018-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6262563/ /pubmed/30469392 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm7110458 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chang, Yoosoo
Noh, Yoo-Hun
Suh, Byung-Seong
Kim, Yejin
Sung, Eunju
Jung, Hyun-Suk
Kim, Chan-Won
Kwon, Min-Jung
Yun, Kyung Eun
Noh, Jin-Won
Shin, Hocheol
Cho, Yong Kyun
Ryu, Seungho
Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study
title Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study
title_full Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study
title_fullStr Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study
title_short Bidirectional Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gallstone Disease: A Cohort Study
title_sort bidirectional association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and gallstone disease: a cohort study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6262563/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30469392
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm7110458
work_keys_str_mv AT changyoosoo bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy
AT nohyoohun bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy
AT suhbyungseong bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy
AT kimyejin bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy
AT sungeunju bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy
AT junghyunsuk bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy
AT kimchanwon bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy
AT kwonminjung bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy
AT yunkyungeun bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy
AT nohjinwon bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy
AT shinhocheol bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy
AT choyongkyun bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy
AT ryuseungho bidirectionalassociationbetweennonalcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandgallstonediseaseacohortstudy