Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Fatality in Vulnerable Road Users at a High Volume Trauma Center

BACKGROUND: Motorized two-wheelers, pedestrians, and cyclists are termed vulnerable road users (VRUs).Globally up to 50% of road deaths involve VRU and up to 80% in developing and rapidly motorizing economies. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to study the prehospital and clinical profile of fatally injured VRU. This would help in informed decision-making regarding prevention and trauma care infrastructure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital-based study was performed at a Trauma Centre in Puducherry from January 2013 to June 2014 (18 months). Puducherry is a union territory of India in the state of Tamil Nadu. A total of 193 deaths due to Road traffic accident were included in this study. The demographics, prehospital findings, and the clinical progress of fatally injured VRU are described. RESULTS: More than 80% of road traffic collision/crash deaths involved VRU of which the elderly comprised a significant proportion. Alcohol was a serious issue even in the elderly pedestrian. This study revealed specific injury patterns and severity. Head injury was the most common cause of death. Early deaths, that is within 24 h of injury was common at 50%. CONCLUSION: The majority of deaths were in the early phase of trauma hence mandating a strong call for prevention, along with strengthening of trauma care.