Brain SIRT1 Mediates Metabolic Homeostasis and Neuroprotection

Sirtuins are evolutionarily conserved proteins that use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) as a co-substrate in their enzymatic reactions. There are seven proteins (SIRT1-7) in the human sirtuin family, among which SIRT1 is the most conserved and characterized. SIRT1 in the brain, in particu...

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Autores principales: Xu, Jing, Jackson, Charlie W., Khoury, Nathalie, Escobar, Iris, Perez-Pinzon, Miguel A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Endocrinology
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6265504/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30532738
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00702
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author Xu, Jing
Jackson, Charlie W.
Khoury, Nathalie
Escobar, Iris
Perez-Pinzon, Miguel A.
author_facet Xu, Jing
Jackson, Charlie W.
Khoury, Nathalie
Escobar, Iris
Perez-Pinzon, Miguel A.
author_sort Xu, Jing
collection PubMed
description Sirtuins are evolutionarily conserved proteins that use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) as a co-substrate in their enzymatic reactions. There are seven proteins (SIRT1-7) in the human sirtuin family, among which SIRT1 is the most conserved and characterized. SIRT1 in the brain, in particular, within the hypothalamus, plays crucial roles in regulating systemic energy homeostasis and circadian rhythm. Apart from this, SIRT1 has also been found to mediate beneficial effects in neurological diseases. In this review, we will first summarize how SIRT1 in the brain relates to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and circadian synchronization, and then we discuss the neuroprotective roles of brain SIRT1 in the context of cerebral ischemia and neurodegenerative disorders.
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spelling pubmed-62655042018-12-07 Brain SIRT1 Mediates Metabolic Homeostasis and Neuroprotection Xu, Jing Jackson, Charlie W. Khoury, Nathalie Escobar, Iris Perez-Pinzon, Miguel A. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology Sirtuins are evolutionarily conserved proteins that use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) as a co-substrate in their enzymatic reactions. There are seven proteins (SIRT1-7) in the human sirtuin family, among which SIRT1 is the most conserved and characterized. SIRT1 in the brain, in particular, within the hypothalamus, plays crucial roles in regulating systemic energy homeostasis and circadian rhythm. Apart from this, SIRT1 has also been found to mediate beneficial effects in neurological diseases. In this review, we will first summarize how SIRT1 in the brain relates to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and circadian synchronization, and then we discuss the neuroprotective roles of brain SIRT1 in the context of cerebral ischemia and neurodegenerative disorders. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-11-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6265504/ /pubmed/30532738 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00702 Text en Copyright © 2018 Xu, Jackson, Khoury, Escobar and Perez-Pinzon. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
Xu, Jing
Jackson, Charlie W.
Khoury, Nathalie
Escobar, Iris
Perez-Pinzon, Miguel A.
Brain SIRT1 Mediates Metabolic Homeostasis and Neuroprotection
title Brain SIRT1 Mediates Metabolic Homeostasis and Neuroprotection
title_full Brain SIRT1 Mediates Metabolic Homeostasis and Neuroprotection
title_fullStr Brain SIRT1 Mediates Metabolic Homeostasis and Neuroprotection
title_full_unstemmed Brain SIRT1 Mediates Metabolic Homeostasis and Neuroprotection
title_short Brain SIRT1 Mediates Metabolic Homeostasis and Neuroprotection
title_sort brain sirt1 mediates metabolic homeostasis and neuroprotection
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6265504/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30532738
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00702
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