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In Vitro Efficacy of Antibiotics Released from Calcium Sulfate Bone Void Filler Beads
15 different antibiotics were individually mixed with commercially available calcium sulfate bone void filler beads. The antibiotics were: amikacin, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, colistamethate sodium, daptomycin, gentamicin, imipenem/cilastatin, meropenem, nafcillin, rifampic...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6266743/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30428581 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11112265 |
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author | Laycock, Phillip A. Cooper, John J. Howlin, Robert P. Delury, Craig Aiken, Sean Stoodley, Paul |
author_facet | Laycock, Phillip A. Cooper, John J. Howlin, Robert P. Delury, Craig Aiken, Sean Stoodley, Paul |
author_sort | Laycock, Phillip A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | 15 different antibiotics were individually mixed with commercially available calcium sulfate bone void filler beads. The antibiotics were: amikacin, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, colistamethate sodium, daptomycin, gentamicin, imipenem/cilastatin, meropenem, nafcillin, rifampicin, teicoplanin, tobramycin and vancomycin. The efficacy of specific released antibiotics was validated by zone of inhibition (ZOI) testing using a modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method against common periprosthetic joint infection pathogens. With a subset of experiments (daptomycin, rifampin, vancomycin alone and rifampin and vancomycin in combination), we investigated how release varied over 15 days using a repeated ZOI assay. We also tested the ability of these beads to kill biofilms formed by Staphylococcus epidermidis 35984, a prolific biofilm former. The results suggested that certain antibiotics could be combined and released from calcium sulfate with retained antibacterial efficacy. The daptomycin and rifampin plus vancomycin beads showed antimicrobial efficacy for the full 15 days of testing and vancomycin in combination with rifampin prevented resistant mutants. In the biofilm killing assay, all of the antibiotic combinations showed a significant reduction in biofilm bacteria after 24 h. The exposure time was an important factor in the amount of killing, and varied among the antibiotics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6266743 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62667432018-12-17 In Vitro Efficacy of Antibiotics Released from Calcium Sulfate Bone Void Filler Beads Laycock, Phillip A. Cooper, John J. Howlin, Robert P. Delury, Craig Aiken, Sean Stoodley, Paul Materials (Basel) Article 15 different antibiotics were individually mixed with commercially available calcium sulfate bone void filler beads. The antibiotics were: amikacin, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, colistamethate sodium, daptomycin, gentamicin, imipenem/cilastatin, meropenem, nafcillin, rifampicin, teicoplanin, tobramycin and vancomycin. The efficacy of specific released antibiotics was validated by zone of inhibition (ZOI) testing using a modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method against common periprosthetic joint infection pathogens. With a subset of experiments (daptomycin, rifampin, vancomycin alone and rifampin and vancomycin in combination), we investigated how release varied over 15 days using a repeated ZOI assay. We also tested the ability of these beads to kill biofilms formed by Staphylococcus epidermidis 35984, a prolific biofilm former. The results suggested that certain antibiotics could be combined and released from calcium sulfate with retained antibacterial efficacy. The daptomycin and rifampin plus vancomycin beads showed antimicrobial efficacy for the full 15 days of testing and vancomycin in combination with rifampin prevented resistant mutants. In the biofilm killing assay, all of the antibiotic combinations showed a significant reduction in biofilm bacteria after 24 h. The exposure time was an important factor in the amount of killing, and varied among the antibiotics. MDPI 2018-11-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6266743/ /pubmed/30428581 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11112265 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Laycock, Phillip A. Cooper, John J. Howlin, Robert P. Delury, Craig Aiken, Sean Stoodley, Paul In Vitro Efficacy of Antibiotics Released from Calcium Sulfate Bone Void Filler Beads |
title | In Vitro Efficacy of Antibiotics Released from Calcium Sulfate Bone Void Filler Beads |
title_full | In Vitro Efficacy of Antibiotics Released from Calcium Sulfate Bone Void Filler Beads |
title_fullStr | In Vitro Efficacy of Antibiotics Released from Calcium Sulfate Bone Void Filler Beads |
title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Efficacy of Antibiotics Released from Calcium Sulfate Bone Void Filler Beads |
title_short | In Vitro Efficacy of Antibiotics Released from Calcium Sulfate Bone Void Filler Beads |
title_sort | in vitro efficacy of antibiotics released from calcium sulfate bone void filler beads |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6266743/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30428581 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11112265 |
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