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Cigarette Smoking Modulation of Saliva Microbial Composition and Cytokine Levels

Tobacco use has been implicated as an immunomodulator in the oral cavity and contributes to the development of oral cancer. In the present study, we investigated the effects of cigarette smoking on bacterial diversity and host responses compared to healthy nonsmoking controls. Saliva samples were co...

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Autores principales: Rodríguez-Rabassa, Mary, López, Pablo, Rodríguez-Santiago, Ronald E., Cases, Antonio, Felici, Marcos, Sánchez, Raphael, Yamamura, Yasuhiro, Rivera-Amill, Vanessa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6266915/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30405010
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112479
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author Rodríguez-Rabassa, Mary
López, Pablo
Rodríguez-Santiago, Ronald E.
Cases, Antonio
Felici, Marcos
Sánchez, Raphael
Yamamura, Yasuhiro
Rivera-Amill, Vanessa
author_facet Rodríguez-Rabassa, Mary
López, Pablo
Rodríguez-Santiago, Ronald E.
Cases, Antonio
Felici, Marcos
Sánchez, Raphael
Yamamura, Yasuhiro
Rivera-Amill, Vanessa
author_sort Rodríguez-Rabassa, Mary
collection PubMed
description Tobacco use has been implicated as an immunomodulator in the oral cavity and contributes to the development of oral cancer. In the present study, we investigated the effects of cigarette smoking on bacterial diversity and host responses compared to healthy nonsmoking controls. Saliva samples were collected from eighteen smokers and sixteen nonsmoking individuals by passive drool. The 16S rRNA gene was used to characterize the salivary microbiome by using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Cytokine and chemokine expression analyses were performed to evaluate the host response. Significant differences in cytokine and chemokine expression levels of MDC, IL-10, IL-5, IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), insulin, and leptin were observed between smokers and nonsmokers. Taxonomic analyses revealed differences between the two groups, and some bacterial genera associated with the smokers group had correlations with hormones and cytokines identified as statistically different between smokers and nonsmokers. These factors have been associated with inflammation and carcinogenesis in the oral cavity. The data obtained may aid in the identification of the interactions between the salivary microbiome, host inflammatory responses, and metabolism in smokers.
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spelling pubmed-62669152018-12-15 Cigarette Smoking Modulation of Saliva Microbial Composition and Cytokine Levels Rodríguez-Rabassa, Mary López, Pablo Rodríguez-Santiago, Ronald E. Cases, Antonio Felici, Marcos Sánchez, Raphael Yamamura, Yasuhiro Rivera-Amill, Vanessa Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Tobacco use has been implicated as an immunomodulator in the oral cavity and contributes to the development of oral cancer. In the present study, we investigated the effects of cigarette smoking on bacterial diversity and host responses compared to healthy nonsmoking controls. Saliva samples were collected from eighteen smokers and sixteen nonsmoking individuals by passive drool. The 16S rRNA gene was used to characterize the salivary microbiome by using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Cytokine and chemokine expression analyses were performed to evaluate the host response. Significant differences in cytokine and chemokine expression levels of MDC, IL-10, IL-5, IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), insulin, and leptin were observed between smokers and nonsmokers. Taxonomic analyses revealed differences between the two groups, and some bacterial genera associated with the smokers group had correlations with hormones and cytokines identified as statistically different between smokers and nonsmokers. These factors have been associated with inflammation and carcinogenesis in the oral cavity. The data obtained may aid in the identification of the interactions between the salivary microbiome, host inflammatory responses, and metabolism in smokers. MDPI 2018-11-07 2018-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6266915/ /pubmed/30405010 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112479 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rodríguez-Rabassa, Mary
López, Pablo
Rodríguez-Santiago, Ronald E.
Cases, Antonio
Felici, Marcos
Sánchez, Raphael
Yamamura, Yasuhiro
Rivera-Amill, Vanessa
Cigarette Smoking Modulation of Saliva Microbial Composition and Cytokine Levels
title Cigarette Smoking Modulation of Saliva Microbial Composition and Cytokine Levels
title_full Cigarette Smoking Modulation of Saliva Microbial Composition and Cytokine Levels
title_fullStr Cigarette Smoking Modulation of Saliva Microbial Composition and Cytokine Levels
title_full_unstemmed Cigarette Smoking Modulation of Saliva Microbial Composition and Cytokine Levels
title_short Cigarette Smoking Modulation of Saliva Microbial Composition and Cytokine Levels
title_sort cigarette smoking modulation of saliva microbial composition and cytokine levels
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6266915/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30405010
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112479
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