A wavelet-based decomposition method for a robust extraction of pulse rate from video recordings

BACKGROUND: Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) is a promising optical method for non-contact assessment of pulse rate (PR) from video recordings. In order to implement the method in real-time applications, it is necessary for the rPPG algorithms to be capable of eliminating as many distortions from the pulse signal as possible. METHODS: In order to increase the degrees-of-freedom of the distortion elimination, the dimensionality of the RGB video signals is increased by the wavelet transform decomposition using the generalized Morse wavelet. The proposed Continuous-Wavelet-Transform-based Sub-Band rPPG method (SB-CWT) is evaluated on the 101 publicly available RGB facial video recordings and corresponding reference blood volume pulse (BVP) signals taken from the MMSE-HR database. The performance of the SB-CWT is compared with the performance of the state-of-the-art Sub-band rPPG (SB). RESULTS: Median signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the proposed SB-CWT ranges from 6.63 to 10.39 dB and for the SB from 4.23 to 6.24 dB. The agreement between the estimated PRs from rPPG pulse signals and the reference signals in terms of the coefficients of determination ranges from 0.81 to 0.91 for SB-CWT and from 0.41 to 0.47 for SB. All the correlation coefficients are statistically significant (p < 0.001). The Bland–Altman plots show that mean difference range from 5.37 to 1.82 BPM for SB-CWT and from 22.18 to 18.80 BPM for SB. DISCUSSION: The results show that the proposed SB-CWT outperforms SB in terms of SNR and the agreement between the estimated PRs from RGB video signals and PRs from the reference BVP signals.