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Regularity of Breakfast Consumption and Diet: Insights from National Adult Nutrition Survey

Breakfast is considered to be one of the most important meals of the day. Its omission has been reported to be associated with increased disease risk, such as obesity, diabetes, and coronary heart disease, as well as unhealthy lifestyle and lower dietary quality. Using data from the National Adult N...

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Autores principales: Uzhova, Irina, Mullally, Deirdre, Peñalvo, José L, Gibney, Eileen R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6267347/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30373105
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10111578
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author Uzhova, Irina
Mullally, Deirdre
Peñalvo, José L
Gibney, Eileen R.
author_facet Uzhova, Irina
Mullally, Deirdre
Peñalvo, José L
Gibney, Eileen R.
author_sort Uzhova, Irina
collection PubMed
description Breakfast is considered to be one of the most important meals of the day. Its omission has been reported to be associated with increased disease risk, such as obesity, diabetes, and coronary heart disease, as well as unhealthy lifestyle and lower dietary quality. Using data from the National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS)—a food consumption survey conducted among 1500 Irish men and women over 18 years of age, residing in the Republic of Ireland at the time the survey was conducted—we aimed to characterize breakfast regularity, identify dietary patterns associated with regular breakfast consumption, and assess the nutritional quality of such dietary patterns, using the nutrient-rich food index score NRF9.3. We determined two breakfast regularity categories and assessed dietary quality, by means of adherence to the principal component analysis derived dietary patterns and the NRF9.3 dietary index. Regular breakfast consumers were identified as those who consumed breakfast 3–4 times out of the 4 days of the collection period; such consumers comprised the majority of the population (94.4%). They had the highest adherence to healthier dietary patterns, namely, the “vegetarian” (odds ratio (OR): 2.59: 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.40, 4.77), “fish and vegetables” (OR: 2.88: 95% CI: 1.63, 5.10), and “breakfast cereals” (OR: 4.62: 95% CI: 2.43, 8.79) dietary patterns. Breakfast significantly contributed to the daily micronutrient intake by providing, on average, 24% of dietary fiber, 32% of iron, 30% of calcium, 32% of folate, and 37% of riboflavin. The importance of regular breakfast consumption on those who skip breakfast should be highlighted, in order to improve compliance with nutritional recommendations and adherence to a healthy lifestyle.
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spelling pubmed-62673472018-12-06 Regularity of Breakfast Consumption and Diet: Insights from National Adult Nutrition Survey Uzhova, Irina Mullally, Deirdre Peñalvo, José L Gibney, Eileen R. Nutrients Article Breakfast is considered to be one of the most important meals of the day. Its omission has been reported to be associated with increased disease risk, such as obesity, diabetes, and coronary heart disease, as well as unhealthy lifestyle and lower dietary quality. Using data from the National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS)—a food consumption survey conducted among 1500 Irish men and women over 18 years of age, residing in the Republic of Ireland at the time the survey was conducted—we aimed to characterize breakfast regularity, identify dietary patterns associated with regular breakfast consumption, and assess the nutritional quality of such dietary patterns, using the nutrient-rich food index score NRF9.3. We determined two breakfast regularity categories and assessed dietary quality, by means of adherence to the principal component analysis derived dietary patterns and the NRF9.3 dietary index. Regular breakfast consumers were identified as those who consumed breakfast 3–4 times out of the 4 days of the collection period; such consumers comprised the majority of the population (94.4%). They had the highest adherence to healthier dietary patterns, namely, the “vegetarian” (odds ratio (OR): 2.59: 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.40, 4.77), “fish and vegetables” (OR: 2.88: 95% CI: 1.63, 5.10), and “breakfast cereals” (OR: 4.62: 95% CI: 2.43, 8.79) dietary patterns. Breakfast significantly contributed to the daily micronutrient intake by providing, on average, 24% of dietary fiber, 32% of iron, 30% of calcium, 32% of folate, and 37% of riboflavin. The importance of regular breakfast consumption on those who skip breakfast should be highlighted, in order to improve compliance with nutritional recommendations and adherence to a healthy lifestyle. MDPI 2018-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6267347/ /pubmed/30373105 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10111578 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Uzhova, Irina
Mullally, Deirdre
Peñalvo, José L
Gibney, Eileen R.
Regularity of Breakfast Consumption and Diet: Insights from National Adult Nutrition Survey
title Regularity of Breakfast Consumption and Diet: Insights from National Adult Nutrition Survey
title_full Regularity of Breakfast Consumption and Diet: Insights from National Adult Nutrition Survey
title_fullStr Regularity of Breakfast Consumption and Diet: Insights from National Adult Nutrition Survey
title_full_unstemmed Regularity of Breakfast Consumption and Diet: Insights from National Adult Nutrition Survey
title_short Regularity of Breakfast Consumption and Diet: Insights from National Adult Nutrition Survey
title_sort regularity of breakfast consumption and diet: insights from national adult nutrition survey
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6267347/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30373105
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10111578
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