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Fluorescent Probes for Nucleic Acid Visualization in Fixed and Live Cells

This review analyses the literature concerning non-fluorescent and fluorescent probes for nucleic acid imaging in fixed and living cells from the point of view of their suitability for imaging intracellular native RNA and DNA. Attention is mainly paid to fluorescent probes for fluorescence microscop...

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Autores principales: Boutorine, Alexandre S., Novopashina, Darya S., Krasheninina, Olga A., Nozeret, Karine, Venyaminova, Alya G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6270009/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24335616
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules181215357
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author Boutorine, Alexandre S.
Novopashina, Darya S.
Krasheninina, Olga A.
Nozeret, Karine
Venyaminova, Alya G.
author_facet Boutorine, Alexandre S.
Novopashina, Darya S.
Krasheninina, Olga A.
Nozeret, Karine
Venyaminova, Alya G.
author_sort Boutorine, Alexandre S.
collection PubMed
description This review analyses the literature concerning non-fluorescent and fluorescent probes for nucleic acid imaging in fixed and living cells from the point of view of their suitability for imaging intracellular native RNA and DNA. Attention is mainly paid to fluorescent probes for fluorescence microscopy imaging. Requirements for the target-binding part and the fluorophore making up the probe are formulated. In the case of native double-stranded DNA, structure-specific and sequence-specific probes are discussed. Among the latest, three classes of dsDNA-targeting molecules are described: (i) sequence-specific peptides and proteins; (ii) triplex-forming oligonucleotides and (iii) polyamide oligo(N-methylpyrrole/N-methylimidazole) minor groove binders. Polyamides seem to be the most promising targeting agents for fluorescent probe design, however, some technical problems remain to be solved, such as the relatively low sequence specificity and the high background fluorescence inside the cells. Several examples of fluorescent probe applications for DNA imaging in fixed and living cells are cited. In the case of intracellular RNA, only modified oligonucleotides can provide such sequence-specific imaging. Several approaches for designing fluorescent probes are considered: linear fluorescent probes based on modified oligonucleotide analogs, molecular beacons, binary fluorescent probes and template-directed reactions with fluorescence probe formation, FRET donor-acceptor pairs, pyrene excimers, aptamers and others. The suitability of all these methods for living cell applications is discussed.
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spelling pubmed-62700092018-12-20 Fluorescent Probes for Nucleic Acid Visualization in Fixed and Live Cells Boutorine, Alexandre S. Novopashina, Darya S. Krasheninina, Olga A. Nozeret, Karine Venyaminova, Alya G. Molecules Review This review analyses the literature concerning non-fluorescent and fluorescent probes for nucleic acid imaging in fixed and living cells from the point of view of their suitability for imaging intracellular native RNA and DNA. Attention is mainly paid to fluorescent probes for fluorescence microscopy imaging. Requirements for the target-binding part and the fluorophore making up the probe are formulated. In the case of native double-stranded DNA, structure-specific and sequence-specific probes are discussed. Among the latest, three classes of dsDNA-targeting molecules are described: (i) sequence-specific peptides and proteins; (ii) triplex-forming oligonucleotides and (iii) polyamide oligo(N-methylpyrrole/N-methylimidazole) minor groove binders. Polyamides seem to be the most promising targeting agents for fluorescent probe design, however, some technical problems remain to be solved, such as the relatively low sequence specificity and the high background fluorescence inside the cells. Several examples of fluorescent probe applications for DNA imaging in fixed and living cells are cited. In the case of intracellular RNA, only modified oligonucleotides can provide such sequence-specific imaging. Several approaches for designing fluorescent probes are considered: linear fluorescent probes based on modified oligonucleotide analogs, molecular beacons, binary fluorescent probes and template-directed reactions with fluorescence probe formation, FRET donor-acceptor pairs, pyrene excimers, aptamers and others. The suitability of all these methods for living cell applications is discussed. MDPI 2013-12-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6270009/ /pubmed/24335616 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules181215357 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Boutorine, Alexandre S.
Novopashina, Darya S.
Krasheninina, Olga A.
Nozeret, Karine
Venyaminova, Alya G.
Fluorescent Probes for Nucleic Acid Visualization in Fixed and Live Cells
title Fluorescent Probes for Nucleic Acid Visualization in Fixed and Live Cells
title_full Fluorescent Probes for Nucleic Acid Visualization in Fixed and Live Cells
title_fullStr Fluorescent Probes for Nucleic Acid Visualization in Fixed and Live Cells
title_full_unstemmed Fluorescent Probes for Nucleic Acid Visualization in Fixed and Live Cells
title_short Fluorescent Probes for Nucleic Acid Visualization in Fixed and Live Cells
title_sort fluorescent probes for nucleic acid visualization in fixed and live cells
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6270009/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24335616
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules181215357
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