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The Role of microRNA in Head and Neck Cancer: Current Knowledge and Perspectives

Head and neck cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies worldwide. Patients with advanced disease stages frequently develop recurrences or distant metastasis, which results a five-year survival rates of less than 60% despite considerable advances in multimodality therapy. A better un...

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Autores principales: Courthod, Giulia, Franco, Pierfrancesco, Palermo, Loredana, Pisconti, Salvatore, Numico, Gianmauro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6270891/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24802984
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules19055704
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author Courthod, Giulia
Franco, Pierfrancesco
Palermo, Loredana
Pisconti, Salvatore
Numico, Gianmauro
author_facet Courthod, Giulia
Franco, Pierfrancesco
Palermo, Loredana
Pisconti, Salvatore
Numico, Gianmauro
author_sort Courthod, Giulia
collection PubMed
description Head and neck cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies worldwide. Patients with advanced disease stages frequently develop recurrences or distant metastasis, which results a five-year survival rates of less than 60% despite considerable advances in multimodality therapy. A better understanding of molecular basis of tumorigenesis is required to improve clinical outcomes and to develop new anti-cancer drugs. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding, RNA molecules that modulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They are important regulator in normal biological process; however miRNAs deregulation has been observed in many different tumors and is involved in tumorigenesis. miRNAs may act as tumor suppressors or as oncogenes. Several studies on head and neck cancer demonstrated how aberrant expression of miRNAs is involved in proliferation, metastasis, chemoresistence, and radioresistance. In addition, miRNAs are excellent biomarker targets because they circulate stable in human body fluids and can be obtained with non-invasive methods. Moreover, miRNAs up and down regulation has been correlated with specific cancer phenotype (poor prognosis, aggressiveness and resistance to treatment), playing a role as prognostic biomarkers. This review summarizes current finding on miRNAs in head and neck cancer and their potential role as target for next drug therapy.
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spelling pubmed-62708912018-12-21 The Role of microRNA in Head and Neck Cancer: Current Knowledge and Perspectives Courthod, Giulia Franco, Pierfrancesco Palermo, Loredana Pisconti, Salvatore Numico, Gianmauro Molecules Review Head and neck cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies worldwide. Patients with advanced disease stages frequently develop recurrences or distant metastasis, which results a five-year survival rates of less than 60% despite considerable advances in multimodality therapy. A better understanding of molecular basis of tumorigenesis is required to improve clinical outcomes and to develop new anti-cancer drugs. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding, RNA molecules that modulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They are important regulator in normal biological process; however miRNAs deregulation has been observed in many different tumors and is involved in tumorigenesis. miRNAs may act as tumor suppressors or as oncogenes. Several studies on head and neck cancer demonstrated how aberrant expression of miRNAs is involved in proliferation, metastasis, chemoresistence, and radioresistance. In addition, miRNAs are excellent biomarker targets because they circulate stable in human body fluids and can be obtained with non-invasive methods. Moreover, miRNAs up and down regulation has been correlated with specific cancer phenotype (poor prognosis, aggressiveness and resistance to treatment), playing a role as prognostic biomarkers. This review summarizes current finding on miRNAs in head and neck cancer and their potential role as target for next drug therapy. MDPI 2014-05-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6270891/ /pubmed/24802984 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules19055704 Text en © 2014 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Courthod, Giulia
Franco, Pierfrancesco
Palermo, Loredana
Pisconti, Salvatore
Numico, Gianmauro
The Role of microRNA in Head and Neck Cancer: Current Knowledge and Perspectives
title The Role of microRNA in Head and Neck Cancer: Current Knowledge and Perspectives
title_full The Role of microRNA in Head and Neck Cancer: Current Knowledge and Perspectives
title_fullStr The Role of microRNA in Head and Neck Cancer: Current Knowledge and Perspectives
title_full_unstemmed The Role of microRNA in Head and Neck Cancer: Current Knowledge and Perspectives
title_short The Role of microRNA in Head and Neck Cancer: Current Knowledge and Perspectives
title_sort role of microrna in head and neck cancer: current knowledge and perspectives
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6270891/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24802984
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules19055704
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