A Sensitive A(3)B Porphyrin Nanomaterial for CO(2) Detection

The present report deals with the tailoring, preparation and characterization of novel nanomaterials sensitive to CO(2) for use in detection of this gas during space habitation missions. A new nanostructured material based on mixed substituted asymmetrical A(3)B porphyrin: 5-(4-pyridyl)-10,15,20-tris(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-porphyrin (PyTDMeOPP) was synthesized and characterized by (1)H-NMR, FT-IR, UV-vis, fluorescence, MS, HPLC and AFM. Introducing one pyridyl substituent in the 5-meso-position of porphyrin macrocycle confers some degree of hydrophilicity, which may cause self-assembly properties and a better response to increased acidity. The influence of pH and nature of the solvent upon H and J aggregates of the porphyrin are discussed. Porphyrin aggregation at the air–THF interface gave a triangular type morphology, randomly distributed but uniformly oriented. When deposition was made by multiple drop-casting operations, a network of triangles of uniform size was created and a porous structure was obtained, being reorganized finally in rings. When the deposition was made from CHCl(3), ring structures ranging in internal diameter from 300 nm to 1 µm, but with the same width of the corona circular of approx. 200 nm were obtained. This porphyrin-based material, capable of generating ring aggregates in both THF and CHCl(3), has been proven to be sensitive to CO(2) detection. The dependence between the intensity of porphyrin UV-vis absorption and the concentration of CO(2) has a good correlation of 98.4%.