Three New Pigment Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Inhibitors from the Insect Parasite Fungus Cordyceps gracilioides: Terreusinone A, Pinophilin C and Cryptosporioptide A

Three new pigment compounds—terreusinone A (1), pinophilin C (2) and cryptosporioptide A (3) were isolated from a solid culture of Cordyceps gracilioides. The structures of these compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis including HRESIMS, 1D- and 2D-NMR. The structure of terreusinone A (1) was further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic diffraction analysis. In an in vitro activity assay, 1, 2 and 3 exhibited high inhibitory activity against PTP1B, SHP2, CDC25B, LAR and SHP1. Terreusinone A (1) inhibited PTP1B, SHP2, CDC25B, LAR and SHP1 enzyme with IC(50) values 12.5, >50, 4.1, 10.6, 5.6 µg/mL, respectively; pinophilin C (2) with IC(50) values 6.8, 8.0, 4.5, 4.7, 3.4 µg/mL, respectively; and cryptosporioptide A (3) with IC(50) values 7.3, 5.7, 7.6, >50, 4.9 µg/mL, respectively.