Enantioseparation Using Cellulose Tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) as Chiral Stationary Phase for HPLC: Influence of Molecular Weight of Cellulose †

The cellulose oligomers with different degrees of polymerization (DP), 7, 11, 18, 24, 26, 40 and 52, were prepared by hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose with phosphoric acid. These oligomers including the starting microcrystalline cellulose (DP 124) were converted to tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) (CDMPC) derivatives by the reaction with an excess of 3,5-dimethylphenyl isocyanate to be used as the chiral stationary phase (CSP) in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The structures of the CDMPC derivatives were investigated by infrared spectroscopy (IR), (1)H-NMR, circular dichroism (CD) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and the DPs of the derivatives estimated by SEC agreed with those estimated by (1)H-NMR. After coating the derivatives on silica gel, their chiral recognition abilities were evaluated using eight racemates under a normal phase condition with a hexane-2-propanol (99/1) mixture as an eluent. The chiral recognition abilities of 7- and 11-mers, particularly the former, were lower than those of the higher oligomers from DP 18 to 52, which had rather similar abilities to that of 124-mer, although the abilities depended on the racemates. DP 18 seems to be sufficient for CDMPC to exhibit chiral recognition similar to that of the CDMPC with larger DPs.