Cargando…

Genomes of trombidid mites reveal novel predicted allergens and laterally transferred genes associated with secondary metabolism

BACKGROUND: Trombidid mites have a unique life cycle in which only the larval stage is ectoparasitic. In the superfamily Trombiculoidea (“chiggers”), the larvae feed preferentially on vertebrates, including humans. Species in the genus Leptotrombidium are vectors of a potentially fatal bacterial inf...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Dong, Xiaofeng, Chaisiri, Kittipong, Xia, Dong, Armstrong, Stuart D, Fang, Yongxiang, Donnelly, Martin J, Kadowaki, Tatsuhiko, McGarry, John W, Darby, Alistair C, Makepeace, Benjamin L
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6275457/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30445460
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/giy127
_version_ 1783377817610747904
author Dong, Xiaofeng
Chaisiri, Kittipong
Xia, Dong
Armstrong, Stuart D
Fang, Yongxiang
Donnelly, Martin J
Kadowaki, Tatsuhiko
McGarry, John W
Darby, Alistair C
Makepeace, Benjamin L
author_facet Dong, Xiaofeng
Chaisiri, Kittipong
Xia, Dong
Armstrong, Stuart D
Fang, Yongxiang
Donnelly, Martin J
Kadowaki, Tatsuhiko
McGarry, John W
Darby, Alistair C
Makepeace, Benjamin L
author_sort Dong, Xiaofeng
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Trombidid mites have a unique life cycle in which only the larval stage is ectoparasitic. In the superfamily Trombiculoidea (“chiggers”), the larvae feed preferentially on vertebrates, including humans. Species in the genus Leptotrombidium are vectors of a potentially fatal bacterial infection, scrub typhus, that affects 1 million people annually. Moreover, chiggers can cause pruritic dermatitis (trombiculiasis) in humans and domesticated animals. In the Trombidioidea (velvet mites), the larvae feed on other arthropods and are potential biological control agents for agricultural pests. Here, we present the first trombidid mites genomes, obtained both for a chigger, Leptotrombidium deliense, and for a velvet mite, Dinothrombium tinctorium. RESULTS: Sequencing was performed using Illumina technology. A 180 Mb draft assembly for D. tinctorium was generated from two paired-end and one mate-pair library using a single adult specimen. For L. deliense, a lower-coverage draft assembly (117 Mb) was obtained using pooled, engorged larvae with a single paired-end library. Remarkably, both genomes exhibited evidence of ancient lateral gene transfer from soil-derived bacteria or fungi. The transferred genes confer functions that are rare in animals, including terpene and carotenoid synthesis. Thirty-seven allergenic protein families were predicted in the L. deliense genome, of which nine were unique. Preliminary proteomic analyses identified several of these putative allergens in larvae. CONCLUSIONS: Trombidid mite genomes appear to be more dynamic than those of other acariform mites. A priority for future research is to determine the biological function of terpene synthesis in this taxon and its potential for exploitation in disease control.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6275457
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher Oxford University Press
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-62754572018-12-06 Genomes of trombidid mites reveal novel predicted allergens and laterally transferred genes associated with secondary metabolism Dong, Xiaofeng Chaisiri, Kittipong Xia, Dong Armstrong, Stuart D Fang, Yongxiang Donnelly, Martin J Kadowaki, Tatsuhiko McGarry, John W Darby, Alistair C Makepeace, Benjamin L Gigascience Research BACKGROUND: Trombidid mites have a unique life cycle in which only the larval stage is ectoparasitic. In the superfamily Trombiculoidea (“chiggers”), the larvae feed preferentially on vertebrates, including humans. Species in the genus Leptotrombidium are vectors of a potentially fatal bacterial infection, scrub typhus, that affects 1 million people annually. Moreover, chiggers can cause pruritic dermatitis (trombiculiasis) in humans and domesticated animals. In the Trombidioidea (velvet mites), the larvae feed on other arthropods and are potential biological control agents for agricultural pests. Here, we present the first trombidid mites genomes, obtained both for a chigger, Leptotrombidium deliense, and for a velvet mite, Dinothrombium tinctorium. RESULTS: Sequencing was performed using Illumina technology. A 180 Mb draft assembly for D. tinctorium was generated from two paired-end and one mate-pair library using a single adult specimen. For L. deliense, a lower-coverage draft assembly (117 Mb) was obtained using pooled, engorged larvae with a single paired-end library. Remarkably, both genomes exhibited evidence of ancient lateral gene transfer from soil-derived bacteria or fungi. The transferred genes confer functions that are rare in animals, including terpene and carotenoid synthesis. Thirty-seven allergenic protein families were predicted in the L. deliense genome, of which nine were unique. Preliminary proteomic analyses identified several of these putative allergens in larvae. CONCLUSIONS: Trombidid mite genomes appear to be more dynamic than those of other acariform mites. A priority for future research is to determine the biological function of terpene synthesis in this taxon and its potential for exploitation in disease control. Oxford University Press 2018-11-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6275457/ /pubmed/30445460 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/giy127 Text en © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Dong, Xiaofeng
Chaisiri, Kittipong
Xia, Dong
Armstrong, Stuart D
Fang, Yongxiang
Donnelly, Martin J
Kadowaki, Tatsuhiko
McGarry, John W
Darby, Alistair C
Makepeace, Benjamin L
Genomes of trombidid mites reveal novel predicted allergens and laterally transferred genes associated with secondary metabolism
title Genomes of trombidid mites reveal novel predicted allergens and laterally transferred genes associated with secondary metabolism
title_full Genomes of trombidid mites reveal novel predicted allergens and laterally transferred genes associated with secondary metabolism
title_fullStr Genomes of trombidid mites reveal novel predicted allergens and laterally transferred genes associated with secondary metabolism
title_full_unstemmed Genomes of trombidid mites reveal novel predicted allergens and laterally transferred genes associated with secondary metabolism
title_short Genomes of trombidid mites reveal novel predicted allergens and laterally transferred genes associated with secondary metabolism
title_sort genomes of trombidid mites reveal novel predicted allergens and laterally transferred genes associated with secondary metabolism
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6275457/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30445460
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/giy127
work_keys_str_mv AT dongxiaofeng genomesoftrombididmitesrevealnovelpredictedallergensandlaterallytransferredgenesassociatedwithsecondarymetabolism
AT chaisirikittipong genomesoftrombididmitesrevealnovelpredictedallergensandlaterallytransferredgenesassociatedwithsecondarymetabolism
AT xiadong genomesoftrombididmitesrevealnovelpredictedallergensandlaterallytransferredgenesassociatedwithsecondarymetabolism
AT armstrongstuartd genomesoftrombididmitesrevealnovelpredictedallergensandlaterallytransferredgenesassociatedwithsecondarymetabolism
AT fangyongxiang genomesoftrombididmitesrevealnovelpredictedallergensandlaterallytransferredgenesassociatedwithsecondarymetabolism
AT donnellymartinj genomesoftrombididmitesrevealnovelpredictedallergensandlaterallytransferredgenesassociatedwithsecondarymetabolism
AT kadowakitatsuhiko genomesoftrombididmitesrevealnovelpredictedallergensandlaterallytransferredgenesassociatedwithsecondarymetabolism
AT mcgarryjohnw genomesoftrombididmitesrevealnovelpredictedallergensandlaterallytransferredgenesassociatedwithsecondarymetabolism
AT darbyalistairc genomesoftrombididmitesrevealnovelpredictedallergensandlaterallytransferredgenesassociatedwithsecondarymetabolism
AT makepeacebenjaminl genomesoftrombididmitesrevealnovelpredictedallergensandlaterallytransferredgenesassociatedwithsecondarymetabolism