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Cell size control driven by the circadian clock and environment in cyanobacteria
How cells maintain their size has been extensively studied under constant conditions. In the wild, however, cells rarely experience constant environments. Here, we examine how the 24-h circadian clock and environmental cycles modulate cell size control and division timings in the cyanobacterium Syne...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6275512/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30409801 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1811309115 |
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author | Martins, Bruno M. C. Tooke, Amy K. Thomas, Philipp Locke, James C. W. |
author_facet | Martins, Bruno M. C. Tooke, Amy K. Thomas, Philipp Locke, James C. W. |
author_sort | Martins, Bruno M. C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | How cells maintain their size has been extensively studied under constant conditions. In the wild, however, cells rarely experience constant environments. Here, we examine how the 24-h circadian clock and environmental cycles modulate cell size control and division timings in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus using single-cell time-lapse microscopy. Under constant light, wild-type cells follow an apparent sizer-like principle. Closer inspection reveals that the clock generates two subpopulations, with cells born in the subjective day following different division rules from cells born in subjective night. A stochastic model explains how this behavior emerges from the interaction of cell size control with the clock. We demonstrate that the clock continuously modulates the probability of cell division throughout day and night, rather than solely applying an on−off gate to division, as previously proposed. Iterating between modeling and experiments, we go on to identify an effective coupling of the division rate to time of day through the combined effects of the environment and the clock on cell division. Under naturally graded light−dark cycles, this coupling narrows the time window of cell divisions and shifts divisions away from when light levels are low and cell growth is reduced. Our analysis allows us to disentangle, and predict the effects of, the complex interactions between the environment, clock, and cell size control. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6275512 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62755122018-12-05 Cell size control driven by the circadian clock and environment in cyanobacteria Martins, Bruno M. C. Tooke, Amy K. Thomas, Philipp Locke, James C. W. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A PNAS Plus How cells maintain their size has been extensively studied under constant conditions. In the wild, however, cells rarely experience constant environments. Here, we examine how the 24-h circadian clock and environmental cycles modulate cell size control and division timings in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus using single-cell time-lapse microscopy. Under constant light, wild-type cells follow an apparent sizer-like principle. Closer inspection reveals that the clock generates two subpopulations, with cells born in the subjective day following different division rules from cells born in subjective night. A stochastic model explains how this behavior emerges from the interaction of cell size control with the clock. We demonstrate that the clock continuously modulates the probability of cell division throughout day and night, rather than solely applying an on−off gate to division, as previously proposed. Iterating between modeling and experiments, we go on to identify an effective coupling of the division rate to time of day through the combined effects of the environment and the clock on cell division. Under naturally graded light−dark cycles, this coupling narrows the time window of cell divisions and shifts divisions away from when light levels are low and cell growth is reduced. Our analysis allows us to disentangle, and predict the effects of, the complex interactions between the environment, clock, and cell size control. National Academy of Sciences 2018-11-27 2018-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6275512/ /pubmed/30409801 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1811309115 Text en Copyright © 2018 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | PNAS Plus Martins, Bruno M. C. Tooke, Amy K. Thomas, Philipp Locke, James C. W. Cell size control driven by the circadian clock and environment in cyanobacteria |
title | Cell size control driven by the circadian clock and environment in cyanobacteria |
title_full | Cell size control driven by the circadian clock and environment in cyanobacteria |
title_fullStr | Cell size control driven by the circadian clock and environment in cyanobacteria |
title_full_unstemmed | Cell size control driven by the circadian clock and environment in cyanobacteria |
title_short | Cell size control driven by the circadian clock and environment in cyanobacteria |
title_sort | cell size control driven by the circadian clock and environment in cyanobacteria |
topic | PNAS Plus |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6275512/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30409801 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1811309115 |
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