Heterolysis of Dihydrogen by Nucleophilic Calcium Alkyls

β‐Diketiminato (BDI) calcium alkyl derivatives undergo hydrogenolysis with H(2) to regenerate [(BDI)CaH](2), allowing the catalytic hydrogenation of a wide range of 1‐alkenes and norbornene under very mild conditions (2 bar H(2), 298 K). The reactions are deduced to take place with the retention of the dimeric structures of the calcium hydrido‐alkyl and alkyl intermediates via a well‐defined sequence of Ca−H/C=C insertion and Ca−C hydrogenation events. This latter deduction is strongly supported by DFT calculations (B3PW91) performed on the 1‐hexene/H(2) system, which also indicates that the hydrogenation transition states display features which discriminate them from a classical σ‐bond metathesis mechanism. In particular, NBO analysis identifies a strong second order interaction between the filled α‐methylene sp(3) orbital of the n‐hexyl chain and the σ* orbital of the H(2) molecule, signifying that the H−H bond is broken by what is effectively the nucleophilic displacement of hydride by the organic substituent.