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How the BRAF V600E Mutation Defines a Distinct Subgroup of Colorectal Cancer: Molecular and Clinical Implications

The BRAF oncogene is an integral component of the MAP kinase pathway, and an activating V600E mutation occurs in 15% of sporadic colorectal cancer. This is an early event in serrated pathway tumourigenesis, and the BRAF V600E has been commonly associated with the CpG island methylator phenotype, mic...

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Autores principales: Bond, Catherine E., Whitehall, Vicki L. J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6287148/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30598662
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9250757
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author Bond, Catherine E.
Whitehall, Vicki L. J.
author_facet Bond, Catherine E.
Whitehall, Vicki L. J.
author_sort Bond, Catherine E.
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description The BRAF oncogene is an integral component of the MAP kinase pathway, and an activating V600E mutation occurs in 15% of sporadic colorectal cancer. This is an early event in serrated pathway tumourigenesis, and the BRAF V600E has been commonly associated with the CpG island methylator phenotype, microsatellite instability (MSI), and a consistent clinical presentation including a proximal location and predilection for elderly females. A proportion of the BRAF mutant lesions remain as microsatellite stable (MSS), and in contrast to the MSI cancers, they have an aggressive phenotype and correlate with poor patient outcomes. Recent studies have found that they have clinical and molecular features of both the BRAF mutant/MSI and the conventional BRAF wild-type cancers and comprise a distinct colorectal cancer subgroup. This review highlights the importance of the BRAF mutation occurring in colorectal cancer stratified for molecular background and discusses its prognostic and clinical significance.
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spelling pubmed-62871482018-12-31 How the BRAF V600E Mutation Defines a Distinct Subgroup of Colorectal Cancer: Molecular and Clinical Implications Bond, Catherine E. Whitehall, Vicki L. J. Gastroenterol Res Pract Review Article The BRAF oncogene is an integral component of the MAP kinase pathway, and an activating V600E mutation occurs in 15% of sporadic colorectal cancer. This is an early event in serrated pathway tumourigenesis, and the BRAF V600E has been commonly associated with the CpG island methylator phenotype, microsatellite instability (MSI), and a consistent clinical presentation including a proximal location and predilection for elderly females. A proportion of the BRAF mutant lesions remain as microsatellite stable (MSS), and in contrast to the MSI cancers, they have an aggressive phenotype and correlate with poor patient outcomes. Recent studies have found that they have clinical and molecular features of both the BRAF mutant/MSI and the conventional BRAF wild-type cancers and comprise a distinct colorectal cancer subgroup. This review highlights the importance of the BRAF mutation occurring in colorectal cancer stratified for molecular background and discusses its prognostic and clinical significance. Hindawi 2018-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6287148/ /pubmed/30598662 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9250757 Text en Copyright © 2018 Catherine E. Bond and Vicki L. J. Whitehall. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Bond, Catherine E.
Whitehall, Vicki L. J.
How the BRAF V600E Mutation Defines a Distinct Subgroup of Colorectal Cancer: Molecular and Clinical Implications
title How the BRAF V600E Mutation Defines a Distinct Subgroup of Colorectal Cancer: Molecular and Clinical Implications
title_full How the BRAF V600E Mutation Defines a Distinct Subgroup of Colorectal Cancer: Molecular and Clinical Implications
title_fullStr How the BRAF V600E Mutation Defines a Distinct Subgroup of Colorectal Cancer: Molecular and Clinical Implications
title_full_unstemmed How the BRAF V600E Mutation Defines a Distinct Subgroup of Colorectal Cancer: Molecular and Clinical Implications
title_short How the BRAF V600E Mutation Defines a Distinct Subgroup of Colorectal Cancer: Molecular and Clinical Implications
title_sort how the braf v600e mutation defines a distinct subgroup of colorectal cancer: molecular and clinical implications
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6287148/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30598662
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9250757
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