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A Redox Conjugated Polymer-Based All-Solid-State Reference Electrode
This work reports the design, synthesis, and characterization of a novel redox-active conjugated polyaniline containing quinone moiety as a solid state reference electrode. The union of electro-active quinone with π-conjugated polyaniline was created by the first chemical synthesis of para-dimethoxy...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6290589/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30961116 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10111191 |
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author | Qu, Ke Fang, Mingxi Zhang, Shuwei Liu, Haiying Zeng, Xiangqun |
author_facet | Qu, Ke Fang, Mingxi Zhang, Shuwei Liu, Haiying Zeng, Xiangqun |
author_sort | Qu, Ke |
collection | PubMed |
description | This work reports the design, synthesis, and characterization of a novel redox-active conjugated polyaniline containing quinone moiety as a solid state reference electrode. The union of electro-active quinone with π-conjugated polyaniline was created by the first chemical synthesis of para-dimethoxybenzene-functionalized aniline as a monomer using a palladium-mediated coupling. The successful polymerization of the as-prepared monomer was accomplished without acid additives. Its post-polymerization modification with strong Lewis acid boron tribromide furnished unique poly (aniline quinone/hydroquinone) with desired properties for all-solid-state reference electrode (RE) applications. The electrochemical responses from the conjugated polyaniline backbone in this unique polymer have been “suppressed” by the quinone pendant. The resulting poly (aniline quinone) showed a quasi-reversible redox process from the redox behavior of the pendant quinone. The stable electrode potential of this poly (aniline quinone/hydroquinone) suggested that it was a single phase in which the amounts of totally reduced and totally oxidized species could be maintained at a constant in various solvents and electrolytes. Its electrochemical stability was excellent with 95% peak current retention after continuous cyclic voltammetric testing. The aniline and quinone moieties in poly (aniline quinone/hydroquinone) render it to have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compatibility. It showed excellent behavior as a reference electrode in aqueous and non-aqueous media and can be used in both non-zero current and zero-current conditions, providing a stable potential with a maximum potential drift of ~4.7 mV over ten consecutive days. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6290589 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62905892019-04-02 A Redox Conjugated Polymer-Based All-Solid-State Reference Electrode Qu, Ke Fang, Mingxi Zhang, Shuwei Liu, Haiying Zeng, Xiangqun Polymers (Basel) Article This work reports the design, synthesis, and characterization of a novel redox-active conjugated polyaniline containing quinone moiety as a solid state reference electrode. The union of electro-active quinone with π-conjugated polyaniline was created by the first chemical synthesis of para-dimethoxybenzene-functionalized aniline as a monomer using a palladium-mediated coupling. The successful polymerization of the as-prepared monomer was accomplished without acid additives. Its post-polymerization modification with strong Lewis acid boron tribromide furnished unique poly (aniline quinone/hydroquinone) with desired properties for all-solid-state reference electrode (RE) applications. The electrochemical responses from the conjugated polyaniline backbone in this unique polymer have been “suppressed” by the quinone pendant. The resulting poly (aniline quinone) showed a quasi-reversible redox process from the redox behavior of the pendant quinone. The stable electrode potential of this poly (aniline quinone/hydroquinone) suggested that it was a single phase in which the amounts of totally reduced and totally oxidized species could be maintained at a constant in various solvents and electrolytes. Its electrochemical stability was excellent with 95% peak current retention after continuous cyclic voltammetric testing. The aniline and quinone moieties in poly (aniline quinone/hydroquinone) render it to have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compatibility. It showed excellent behavior as a reference electrode in aqueous and non-aqueous media and can be used in both non-zero current and zero-current conditions, providing a stable potential with a maximum potential drift of ~4.7 mV over ten consecutive days. MDPI 2018-10-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6290589/ /pubmed/30961116 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10111191 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Qu, Ke Fang, Mingxi Zhang, Shuwei Liu, Haiying Zeng, Xiangqun A Redox Conjugated Polymer-Based All-Solid-State Reference Electrode |
title | A Redox Conjugated Polymer-Based All-Solid-State Reference Electrode |
title_full | A Redox Conjugated Polymer-Based All-Solid-State Reference Electrode |
title_fullStr | A Redox Conjugated Polymer-Based All-Solid-State Reference Electrode |
title_full_unstemmed | A Redox Conjugated Polymer-Based All-Solid-State Reference Electrode |
title_short | A Redox Conjugated Polymer-Based All-Solid-State Reference Electrode |
title_sort | redox conjugated polymer-based all-solid-state reference electrode |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6290589/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30961116 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10111191 |
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