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Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy type 1 is a chronic sleep disorder with significantly higher BMI reported in more than 50% of adolescent patients, putting them at a higher risk for metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Although well-documented, the body fat distribution and mechanisms behind weight gain in narcolepsy are sti...

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Autores principales: Morales Drissi, Natasha, Romu, Thobias, Landtblom, Anne-Marie, Szakács, Attilla, Hallböök, Tove, Darin, Niklas, Borga, Magnus, Leinhard, Olof Dahlqvist, Engström, Maria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6292486/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30574118
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00728
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author Morales Drissi, Natasha
Romu, Thobias
Landtblom, Anne-Marie
Szakács, Attilla
Hallböök, Tove
Darin, Niklas
Borga, Magnus
Leinhard, Olof Dahlqvist
Engström, Maria
author_facet Morales Drissi, Natasha
Romu, Thobias
Landtblom, Anne-Marie
Szakács, Attilla
Hallböök, Tove
Darin, Niklas
Borga, Magnus
Leinhard, Olof Dahlqvist
Engström, Maria
author_sort Morales Drissi, Natasha
collection PubMed
description Narcolepsy type 1 is a chronic sleep disorder with significantly higher BMI reported in more than 50% of adolescent patients, putting them at a higher risk for metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Although well-documented, the body fat distribution and mechanisms behind weight gain in narcolepsy are still not fully understood but may be related to the loss of orexin associated with the disease. Orexin has been linked to the regulation of brown adipose tissue (BAT), a metabolically active fat involved in energy homeostasis. Previous studies have used BMI and waist circumference to characterize adipose tissue increases in narcolepsy but none have investigated its specific distribution. Here, we examine adipose tissue distribution in 19 adolescent patients with narcolepsy type 1 and compare them to 17 of their healthy peers using full body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In line with previous findings we saw that the narcolepsy patients had more overall fat than the healthy controls, but contrary to our expectations there were no group differences in supraclavicular BAT, suggesting that orexin may have no effect at all on BAT, at least under thermoneutral conditions. Also, in line with previous reports, we observed that patients had more total abdominal adipose tissue (TAAT), however, we found that they had a lower ratio between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and TAAT indicating a relative increase of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (ASAT). This relationship between VAT and ASAT has been associated with a lower risk for metabolic disease. We conclude that while weight gain in adolescents with narcolepsy matches that of central obesity, the lower VAT ratio may suggest a lower risk of developing metabolic disease.
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spelling pubmed-62924862018-12-20 Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy Morales Drissi, Natasha Romu, Thobias Landtblom, Anne-Marie Szakács, Attilla Hallböök, Tove Darin, Niklas Borga, Magnus Leinhard, Olof Dahlqvist Engström, Maria Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology Narcolepsy type 1 is a chronic sleep disorder with significantly higher BMI reported in more than 50% of adolescent patients, putting them at a higher risk for metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Although well-documented, the body fat distribution and mechanisms behind weight gain in narcolepsy are still not fully understood but may be related to the loss of orexin associated with the disease. Orexin has been linked to the regulation of brown adipose tissue (BAT), a metabolically active fat involved in energy homeostasis. Previous studies have used BMI and waist circumference to characterize adipose tissue increases in narcolepsy but none have investigated its specific distribution. Here, we examine adipose tissue distribution in 19 adolescent patients with narcolepsy type 1 and compare them to 17 of their healthy peers using full body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In line with previous findings we saw that the narcolepsy patients had more overall fat than the healthy controls, but contrary to our expectations there were no group differences in supraclavicular BAT, suggesting that orexin may have no effect at all on BAT, at least under thermoneutral conditions. Also, in line with previous reports, we observed that patients had more total abdominal adipose tissue (TAAT), however, we found that they had a lower ratio between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and TAAT indicating a relative increase of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (ASAT). This relationship between VAT and ASAT has been associated with a lower risk for metabolic disease. We conclude that while weight gain in adolescents with narcolepsy matches that of central obesity, the lower VAT ratio may suggest a lower risk of developing metabolic disease. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6292486/ /pubmed/30574118 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00728 Text en Copyright © 2018 Morales Drissi, Romu, Landtblom, Szakács, Hallböök, Darin, Borga, Leinhard and Engström. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
Morales Drissi, Natasha
Romu, Thobias
Landtblom, Anne-Marie
Szakács, Attilla
Hallböök, Tove
Darin, Niklas
Borga, Magnus
Leinhard, Olof Dahlqvist
Engström, Maria
Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy
title Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy
title_full Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy
title_fullStr Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy
title_full_unstemmed Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy
title_short Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy
title_sort unexpected fat distribution in adolescents with narcolepsy
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6292486/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30574118
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00728
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