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Association of non-allopathic drugs and dietary factors with chronic kidney disease: A matched case–control study in South India

BACKGROUND: The multifactorial etiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is known to vary with geographical region. Although diabetes and hypertension are the major known contributors for CKD, the role of other risk factors relevant to India needs to be explored. This study was done to find out the r...

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Autores principales: Akkilagunta, Sujiv, Premarajan, K. C., Parameswaran, Sreejith, Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6293898/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30613523
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_166_18
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author Akkilagunta, Sujiv
Premarajan, K. C.
Parameswaran, Sreejith
Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar
author_facet Akkilagunta, Sujiv
Premarajan, K. C.
Parameswaran, Sreejith
Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar
author_sort Akkilagunta, Sujiv
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The multifactorial etiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is known to vary with geographical region. Although diabetes and hypertension are the major known contributors for CKD, the role of other risk factors relevant to India needs to be explored. This study was done to find out the role of dietary factors and nonallopathic drugs in CKD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital-based individual pair-matched case–control study was conducted in a tertiary care center in South India. The sample included 80 incident cases of CKD matched with 80 controls. Factors assessed in the study include sociodemographic factors, medical history, dietary factors, nonallopathic drugs, substance use, and other possible confounders. Univariate analysis was performed using McNemar's test and multivariate analysis was done using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: On multivariate analysis, lifetime exposure to nonallopathic drugs increased risk of CKD by approximately five times [odds ratio (OR): 5.15, confidence interval (CI): 1.27–20.87] and chicken intake (two to three times a month to once a week) had an increased risk by approximately four times (OR = 4.23, CI: 1.13–15.80). Fish intake at a frequency of two to three times or more reduced the risk of CKD by 94% (OR = 0.06, CI: 0.01–0.43). CONCLUSION: Chicken intake and lifetime exposure to nonallopathic drugs could increase risk for CKD in South India. Increased fish intake was found to be protective for CKD.
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spelling pubmed-62938982019-01-04 Association of non-allopathic drugs and dietary factors with chronic kidney disease: A matched case–control study in South India Akkilagunta, Sujiv Premarajan, K. C. Parameswaran, Sreejith Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar J Family Med Prim Care Original Article BACKGROUND: The multifactorial etiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is known to vary with geographical region. Although diabetes and hypertension are the major known contributors for CKD, the role of other risk factors relevant to India needs to be explored. This study was done to find out the role of dietary factors and nonallopathic drugs in CKD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital-based individual pair-matched case–control study was conducted in a tertiary care center in South India. The sample included 80 incident cases of CKD matched with 80 controls. Factors assessed in the study include sociodemographic factors, medical history, dietary factors, nonallopathic drugs, substance use, and other possible confounders. Univariate analysis was performed using McNemar's test and multivariate analysis was done using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: On multivariate analysis, lifetime exposure to nonallopathic drugs increased risk of CKD by approximately five times [odds ratio (OR): 5.15, confidence interval (CI): 1.27–20.87] and chicken intake (two to three times a month to once a week) had an increased risk by approximately four times (OR = 4.23, CI: 1.13–15.80). Fish intake at a frequency of two to three times or more reduced the risk of CKD by 94% (OR = 0.06, CI: 0.01–0.43). CONCLUSION: Chicken intake and lifetime exposure to nonallopathic drugs could increase risk for CKD in South India. Increased fish intake was found to be protective for CKD. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2018 /pmc/articles/PMC6293898/ /pubmed/30613523 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_166_18 Text en Copyright: © 2018 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Original Article
Akkilagunta, Sujiv
Premarajan, K. C.
Parameswaran, Sreejith
Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar
Association of non-allopathic drugs and dietary factors with chronic kidney disease: A matched case–control study in South India
title Association of non-allopathic drugs and dietary factors with chronic kidney disease: A matched case–control study in South India
title_full Association of non-allopathic drugs and dietary factors with chronic kidney disease: A matched case–control study in South India
title_fullStr Association of non-allopathic drugs and dietary factors with chronic kidney disease: A matched case–control study in South India
title_full_unstemmed Association of non-allopathic drugs and dietary factors with chronic kidney disease: A matched case–control study in South India
title_short Association of non-allopathic drugs and dietary factors with chronic kidney disease: A matched case–control study in South India
title_sort association of non-allopathic drugs and dietary factors with chronic kidney disease: a matched case–control study in south india
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6293898/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30613523
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_166_18
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