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Risk Factors and Prevention of Surgical Site Infections Following Spinal Procedures

STUDY DESIGN: Focused literature review. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article was to help identify potential risk factors as well as strategies to help prevent surgical site infections (SSIs) in spine surgery. METHODS: An article search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane databa...

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Autores principales: Nasser, Rani, Kosty, Jennifer A., Shah, Sanjit, Wang, Jeffrey, Cheng, Joseph
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6295823/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30574437
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568218806275
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author Nasser, Rani
Kosty, Jennifer A.
Shah, Sanjit
Wang, Jeffrey
Cheng, Joseph
author_facet Nasser, Rani
Kosty, Jennifer A.
Shah, Sanjit
Wang, Jeffrey
Cheng, Joseph
author_sort Nasser, Rani
collection PubMed
description STUDY DESIGN: Focused literature review. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article was to help identify potential risk factors as well as strategies to help prevent surgical site infections (SSIs) in spine surgery. METHODS: An article search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database of systematic reviews using the terms “surgery” OR “surgical” AND “spine” OR “spinal” AND “infection”. Systematic review articles, meta-analyses, and clinical trials with more than 100 patients were reviewed. RESULTS: Both patient and perioperative factors contribute to the development of SSIs. Patient factors such as smoking, obesity, diabetes, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization, and malnutrition are all modifiable risk factors that can lead to SSIs. Procedural steps, including preoperative MRSA screening and treatment for colonization, preoperative antibiotics, skin preparation, minimizing operative time, antibiotic or betadine irrigation, avoiding personnel turnover, and postoperative wound care have also been shown to decrease infection rates. CONCLUSION: There are several measures a spine practitioner may be able to take in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative settings. Protocols to counsel patients regarding modification of preexisting risk factors and ensure adequate antimicrobial therapy in the perioperative period may be developed to reduce SSIs in spine surgery.
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spelling pubmed-62958232018-12-20 Risk Factors and Prevention of Surgical Site Infections Following Spinal Procedures Nasser, Rani Kosty, Jennifer A. Shah, Sanjit Wang, Jeffrey Cheng, Joseph Global Spine J Article STUDY DESIGN: Focused literature review. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article was to help identify potential risk factors as well as strategies to help prevent surgical site infections (SSIs) in spine surgery. METHODS: An article search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database of systematic reviews using the terms “surgery” OR “surgical” AND “spine” OR “spinal” AND “infection”. Systematic review articles, meta-analyses, and clinical trials with more than 100 patients were reviewed. RESULTS: Both patient and perioperative factors contribute to the development of SSIs. Patient factors such as smoking, obesity, diabetes, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization, and malnutrition are all modifiable risk factors that can lead to SSIs. Procedural steps, including preoperative MRSA screening and treatment for colonization, preoperative antibiotics, skin preparation, minimizing operative time, antibiotic or betadine irrigation, avoiding personnel turnover, and postoperative wound care have also been shown to decrease infection rates. CONCLUSION: There are several measures a spine practitioner may be able to take in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative settings. Protocols to counsel patients regarding modification of preexisting risk factors and ensure adequate antimicrobial therapy in the perioperative period may be developed to reduce SSIs in spine surgery. SAGE Publications 2018-12-13 2018-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6295823/ /pubmed/30574437 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568218806275 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work as published without adaptation or alteration, without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Article
Nasser, Rani
Kosty, Jennifer A.
Shah, Sanjit
Wang, Jeffrey
Cheng, Joseph
Risk Factors and Prevention of Surgical Site Infections Following Spinal Procedures
title Risk Factors and Prevention of Surgical Site Infections Following Spinal Procedures
title_full Risk Factors and Prevention of Surgical Site Infections Following Spinal Procedures
title_fullStr Risk Factors and Prevention of Surgical Site Infections Following Spinal Procedures
title_full_unstemmed Risk Factors and Prevention of Surgical Site Infections Following Spinal Procedures
title_short Risk Factors and Prevention of Surgical Site Infections Following Spinal Procedures
title_sort risk factors and prevention of surgical site infections following spinal procedures
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6295823/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30574437
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568218806275
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