Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ polymorphism (rs1801282) is associated with obesity in Egyptian patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus

OBJECTIVE: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) gene is one of the possible genes linking diabetes mellitus (DM) with coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study is to clarify whether PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism is associated with the development of CAD in type 2 diabetic patients and to evaluate PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism genetic distribution in type 2 DM (T2DM) Egyptian subjects. METHODS: PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism was determined by Real-Time PCR in serum of 405 subjects classified into 4 groups; T2DM patients (n = 105), T2DM with CAD (n = 100), CAD patients (n = 100) and healthy controls (n = 100). RESULTS: The PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism was associated significantly with T2DM with CAD (group2) (OR = 3, 95% CI = (1.5–6); p = 0.001). In this study, T2DM with CAD complications carrying the PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism had higher BMI than those without the PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism (p < 0.0001). CAD patients carrying PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism had considerable insulin resistance features. Plasma paraoxanase 1(PON1) level was considerably reduced among our 3 studied groups in comparison to control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism might represent a novel risk factor for CAD in T2DM.