Bioecology of Dominant Malaria Vector, Anopheles superpictus s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) in Iran

BACKGROUND: Malaria continues to be a main vector-borne public health problem in Iran. The endemic foci of the disease are mainly located in south-eastern part of the country. Iran is now launching the elimination of malaria. Studies on the bioecology and susceptibility of malaria vectors to insecticide are essential in this phase. METHODS: The literature on bio-ecology of Anopheles superpictus s.l. was reviewed in Iran in more than half a century. Different aspects including, distribution, key identification, larval habitats, flight range, seasonal activities, irritability/susceptibility to insecticides, and anthropophilicity index were identified. RESULTS: The adult females of An. superpictus s.l. were susceptible to all WHO-recommended imagicides except DDT. Distribution, morphology, sibling species, larval habitat, flight range, irritability tests, sustainability index, blood feeding preference and related factors were discussed in details CONCLUSION: Results of the evaluating will help for decision making of authorities for vector control.