Cloning and expression of L-asparaginase from Bacillus tequilensis PV9W and therapeutic efficacy of Solid Lipid Particle formulations against cancer

L-asparaginase, a therapeutic involved in cancer therapy, from Bacillus tequilensis PV9W (ansA gene) was cloned and over expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), achieved the aim of maximizing the yield of the recombinant enzyme (6.02 ± 1.77 IU/mL) within 12 h. The native L-asparaginase of B. tequilensis PV9W was encapsulated using solid lipid particles by hot lipid emulsion method, which is reported for first time in this study. Subsequently, the lipid encapsulated L-asparaginase (LPE) was characterized by SEM, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, SDS-PAGE and its thermo stability was also analyzed by TGA. Further characterization of LPE revealed that enzyme was highly stable for 25 days when stored at 25 °C, showed high pH (9) tolerance and longer trypsin half-life (120 min). In addition, the cytotoxic ability of LPE on HeLa cells was highly enhanced compared to the native L-asparaginase from Bacillus tequilensis PV9W. Moreover, better kinetic velocity and lower K(m) values of LPE aided to detect L-asparagine in cell extracts by Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) method. The LPE preparation also showed least immunogenic reaction when tested on normal macrophage cell lines. This LPE preparation might thus pave way for efficient drug delivery and enhancing the stability of L-asparaginase for its therapeutic applications.