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Ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat microvascular skin free flap model: A histological, genetic, and blood flow study

Ischemia reperfusion injury is associated with tissue damage and inflammation, and is one of the main factors causing flap failure in reconstructive microsurgery. Although ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a well-studied aspect of flap survival, its biological mechanisms remain to be elucidated....

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Autores principales: Ballestín, Alberto, Casado, Javier G., Abellán, Elena, Vela, F. Javier, Álvarez, Verónica, Usón, Alejandra, López, Esther, Marinaro, Federica, Blázquez, Rebeca, Sánchez-Margallo, Francisco Miguel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6307726/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30589864
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209624
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author Ballestín, Alberto
Casado, Javier G.
Abellán, Elena
Vela, F. Javier
Álvarez, Verónica
Usón, Alejandra
López, Esther
Marinaro, Federica
Blázquez, Rebeca
Sánchez-Margallo, Francisco Miguel
author_facet Ballestín, Alberto
Casado, Javier G.
Abellán, Elena
Vela, F. Javier
Álvarez, Verónica
Usón, Alejandra
López, Esther
Marinaro, Federica
Blázquez, Rebeca
Sánchez-Margallo, Francisco Miguel
author_sort Ballestín, Alberto
collection PubMed
description Ischemia reperfusion injury is associated with tissue damage and inflammation, and is one of the main factors causing flap failure in reconstructive microsurgery. Although ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a well-studied aspect of flap survival, its biological mechanisms remain to be elucidated. To better understand the biological processes of ischemia reperfusion injury, and to develop further therapeutic strategies, the main objective of this study was to identify the gene expression pattern and histological changes in an I/R injury animal model. Fourteen rats (n = 7/group) were randomly divided into control or ischemia-reperfusion group (8 hours of ischemia). Microsurgical anastomoses were objectively assessed using transit-time-ultrasound technology. Seven days after surgery, flap survival was evaluated and tissue samples were harvested for anatomopathological and gene-expression analyses.The I/R injury reduced the survival of free flaps and histological analyses revealed a subcutaneous edema together with an inflammatory infiltrate. Interestingly, the Arginase 1 expression level as well as the ratio of Arginase 1/Nitric oxide synthase 2 showed a significant increase in the I/R group. In summary, here we describe a well-characterized I/R animal model that may serve to evaluate therapeutic agents under reproducible and controlled conditions. Moreover, this model could be especially useful for the evaluation of arginase inhibitors and different compounds of potential interest in reconstructive microsurgery.
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spelling pubmed-63077262019-01-08 Ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat microvascular skin free flap model: A histological, genetic, and blood flow study Ballestín, Alberto Casado, Javier G. Abellán, Elena Vela, F. Javier Álvarez, Verónica Usón, Alejandra López, Esther Marinaro, Federica Blázquez, Rebeca Sánchez-Margallo, Francisco Miguel PLoS One Research Article Ischemia reperfusion injury is associated with tissue damage and inflammation, and is one of the main factors causing flap failure in reconstructive microsurgery. Although ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a well-studied aspect of flap survival, its biological mechanisms remain to be elucidated. To better understand the biological processes of ischemia reperfusion injury, and to develop further therapeutic strategies, the main objective of this study was to identify the gene expression pattern and histological changes in an I/R injury animal model. Fourteen rats (n = 7/group) were randomly divided into control or ischemia-reperfusion group (8 hours of ischemia). Microsurgical anastomoses were objectively assessed using transit-time-ultrasound technology. Seven days after surgery, flap survival was evaluated and tissue samples were harvested for anatomopathological and gene-expression analyses.The I/R injury reduced the survival of free flaps and histological analyses revealed a subcutaneous edema together with an inflammatory infiltrate. Interestingly, the Arginase 1 expression level as well as the ratio of Arginase 1/Nitric oxide synthase 2 showed a significant increase in the I/R group. In summary, here we describe a well-characterized I/R animal model that may serve to evaluate therapeutic agents under reproducible and controlled conditions. Moreover, this model could be especially useful for the evaluation of arginase inhibitors and different compounds of potential interest in reconstructive microsurgery. Public Library of Science 2018-12-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6307726/ /pubmed/30589864 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209624 Text en © 2018 Ballestín et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ballestín, Alberto
Casado, Javier G.
Abellán, Elena
Vela, F. Javier
Álvarez, Verónica
Usón, Alejandra
López, Esther
Marinaro, Federica
Blázquez, Rebeca
Sánchez-Margallo, Francisco Miguel
Ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat microvascular skin free flap model: A histological, genetic, and blood flow study
title Ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat microvascular skin free flap model: A histological, genetic, and blood flow study
title_full Ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat microvascular skin free flap model: A histological, genetic, and blood flow study
title_fullStr Ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat microvascular skin free flap model: A histological, genetic, and blood flow study
title_full_unstemmed Ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat microvascular skin free flap model: A histological, genetic, and blood flow study
title_short Ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat microvascular skin free flap model: A histological, genetic, and blood flow study
title_sort ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat microvascular skin free flap model: a histological, genetic, and blood flow study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6307726/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30589864
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209624
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