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MicroRNAs for the Diagnosis and Management of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Literature Review

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive tumor with a variable incidence among different countries. Occupational asbestos exposure is the most important etiological factor and a very long latency period is widely reported. In the early phase of the disease, clinical signs are ab...

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Autores principales: Lo Russo, Giuseppe, Tessari, Anna, Capece, Marina, Galli, Giulia, de Braud, Filippo, Garassino, Marina Chiara, Palmieri, Dario
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6308141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30622932
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00650
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author Lo Russo, Giuseppe
Tessari, Anna
Capece, Marina
Galli, Giulia
de Braud, Filippo
Garassino, Marina Chiara
Palmieri, Dario
author_facet Lo Russo, Giuseppe
Tessari, Anna
Capece, Marina
Galli, Giulia
de Braud, Filippo
Garassino, Marina Chiara
Palmieri, Dario
author_sort Lo Russo, Giuseppe
collection PubMed
description Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive tumor with a variable incidence among different countries. Occupational asbestos exposure is the most important etiological factor and a very long latency period is widely reported. In the early phase of the disease, clinical signs are absent or not specific. For this reason, the diagnosis is frequently achieved only in the advanced stages. The histopathological diagnosis per se is also very complex, and no known factor can predict the prognosis with certainty. Nonetheless, current survival rates remain very low, despite the use of standard treatments, which include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The identification of new prognostic and/or diagnostic biomarkers, and the discovery of therapeutic targets is a priority and could lead to a real significant impact on the management of malignant pleural mesothelioma. In this scenario, the role of microRNAs is becoming increasingly relevant, with the promise of a quick translation in the current clinical practice. Despite the relative novelty of this field, the number of works and candidate microRNAs that are present in literature is striking. Unfortunately, to date the microRNAs with the most clinical relevance for MPM are still matter of debate, probably due to the variety of approaches, techniques, and collected samples. Although specific microRNAs (e.g., let-7, miR-15 and miR-16, miR-21, miR-34a, and the miR-200 family) have been reported several times from different groups, the heterogeneity of published data reinforces the need of more comprehensive and unified studies on this topic. In this review we collect and discuss the studies focused on the involvement of microRNAs in different aspects of MPM, from their biological role in tumorigenesis and progression, to their possible application as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers. Lastly, we examine their potential value as for the design of therapeutic approaches that could benefit MPM patients.
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spelling pubmed-63081412019-01-08 MicroRNAs for the Diagnosis and Management of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Literature Review Lo Russo, Giuseppe Tessari, Anna Capece, Marina Galli, Giulia de Braud, Filippo Garassino, Marina Chiara Palmieri, Dario Front Oncol Oncology Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive tumor with a variable incidence among different countries. Occupational asbestos exposure is the most important etiological factor and a very long latency period is widely reported. In the early phase of the disease, clinical signs are absent or not specific. For this reason, the diagnosis is frequently achieved only in the advanced stages. The histopathological diagnosis per se is also very complex, and no known factor can predict the prognosis with certainty. Nonetheless, current survival rates remain very low, despite the use of standard treatments, which include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The identification of new prognostic and/or diagnostic biomarkers, and the discovery of therapeutic targets is a priority and could lead to a real significant impact on the management of malignant pleural mesothelioma. In this scenario, the role of microRNAs is becoming increasingly relevant, with the promise of a quick translation in the current clinical practice. Despite the relative novelty of this field, the number of works and candidate microRNAs that are present in literature is striking. Unfortunately, to date the microRNAs with the most clinical relevance for MPM are still matter of debate, probably due to the variety of approaches, techniques, and collected samples. Although specific microRNAs (e.g., let-7, miR-15 and miR-16, miR-21, miR-34a, and the miR-200 family) have been reported several times from different groups, the heterogeneity of published data reinforces the need of more comprehensive and unified studies on this topic. In this review we collect and discuss the studies focused on the involvement of microRNAs in different aspects of MPM, from their biological role in tumorigenesis and progression, to their possible application as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers. Lastly, we examine their potential value as for the design of therapeutic approaches that could benefit MPM patients. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-12-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6308141/ /pubmed/30622932 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00650 Text en Copyright © 2018 Lo Russo, Tessari, Capece, Galli, de Braud, Garassino and Palmieri. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Lo Russo, Giuseppe
Tessari, Anna
Capece, Marina
Galli, Giulia
de Braud, Filippo
Garassino, Marina Chiara
Palmieri, Dario
MicroRNAs for the Diagnosis and Management of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Literature Review
title MicroRNAs for the Diagnosis and Management of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Literature Review
title_full MicroRNAs for the Diagnosis and Management of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Literature Review
title_fullStr MicroRNAs for the Diagnosis and Management of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed MicroRNAs for the Diagnosis and Management of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Literature Review
title_short MicroRNAs for the Diagnosis and Management of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Literature Review
title_sort micrornas for the diagnosis and management of malignant pleural mesothelioma: a literature review
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6308141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30622932
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00650
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