Effects of bacterial cellulose gel on the anorectal resting pressures in rats submitted to anal sphincter injury

The aim of this study is to evaluate if a gel of bacterial cellulose gel can revert the loss of anal resting pressure after anorectum sphincter injury in rat model, elected as a model to simulate fecal incontinence. Thirty-nine animals were equally divided into three groups: Control (CG), Sphincter injury plus Saline injection (SG) and Sphincter injury plus Bacterial Cellulose Gel injection (BCG). Anal pressure at rest was assessed for all animal in the three groups using anorectum manometry. Saline and Gel groups were subject to anorectum sphincter injury to reduce the anal pressure at rest. Fifteen days later Saline or Gel was injected into the anorectum, according to their groups. Sixty days later first manometry, the anorectum of all animals were removed and processed histologically. The CG group showed maintenance of their mean anorectal resting pressure levels; SG presented a fall in their mean anorectal resting pressure. The BCG presented a significant elevation of the mean anorectal resting pressure levels, surpassing the pressure of CG. The gel of bacterial cellulose remained at the injection site and was neovascularized, colonized by fibroblasts and dense conjunctive tissue. Those data suggest that BC can be used as a future filling agent treatment for fecal incontinence in clinical trial protocols.