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The Search for Environmental Causes of Parkinson’s Disease: Moving Forward

It is widely believed that environmental exposures contribute to the vast majority of late-onset sporadic Parkinson’s disease (PD), alone or via interactions with genetic factors. The search for environmental causes of PD has however been hampered by lack of understanding the prodromal phase of PD d...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Chen, Honglei, Ritz, Beate
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: IOS Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6311360/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30584168
http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JPD-181493
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author Chen, Honglei
Ritz, Beate
author_facet Chen, Honglei
Ritz, Beate
author_sort Chen, Honglei
collection PubMed
description It is widely believed that environmental exposures contribute to the vast majority of late-onset sporadic Parkinson’s disease (PD), alone or via interactions with genetic factors. The search for environmental causes of PD has however been hampered by lack of understanding the prodromal phase of PD development and the difficulties in exposure assessment during this prolonged period. On the other hand, the existence of this prodromal period, along with an increasingly better understanding of PD prodromal symptoms, provides an exciting opportunity to identify environmental factors that initiate PD pathogenesis and/or modify its progression. For prevention efforts, this prodromal stage is of a major interest. Targeting factors that enter the body via the nose or gut has become even more important since the discovery of α-synuclein aggregates in the enteric and olfactory nervous systems. In this paper, we speculate about novel research hypotheses and approaches that may help us better define the role of environment in PD etiology, especially during its extended and complex prodromal phase.
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spelling pubmed-63113602019-01-02 The Search for Environmental Causes of Parkinson’s Disease: Moving Forward Chen, Honglei Ritz, Beate J Parkinsons Dis Review It is widely believed that environmental exposures contribute to the vast majority of late-onset sporadic Parkinson’s disease (PD), alone or via interactions with genetic factors. The search for environmental causes of PD has however been hampered by lack of understanding the prodromal phase of PD development and the difficulties in exposure assessment during this prolonged period. On the other hand, the existence of this prodromal period, along with an increasingly better understanding of PD prodromal symptoms, provides an exciting opportunity to identify environmental factors that initiate PD pathogenesis and/or modify its progression. For prevention efforts, this prodromal stage is of a major interest. Targeting factors that enter the body via the nose or gut has become even more important since the discovery of α-synuclein aggregates in the enteric and olfactory nervous systems. In this paper, we speculate about novel research hypotheses and approaches that may help us better define the role of environment in PD etiology, especially during its extended and complex prodromal phase. IOS Press 2018-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6311360/ /pubmed/30584168 http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JPD-181493 Text en © 2018 – IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Chen, Honglei
Ritz, Beate
The Search for Environmental Causes of Parkinson’s Disease: Moving Forward
title The Search for Environmental Causes of Parkinson’s Disease: Moving Forward
title_full The Search for Environmental Causes of Parkinson’s Disease: Moving Forward
title_fullStr The Search for Environmental Causes of Parkinson’s Disease: Moving Forward
title_full_unstemmed The Search for Environmental Causes of Parkinson’s Disease: Moving Forward
title_short The Search for Environmental Causes of Parkinson’s Disease: Moving Forward
title_sort search for environmental causes of parkinson’s disease: moving forward
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6311360/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30584168
http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JPD-181493
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