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Extracellular Vesicles of Neutrophils

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-derived vesicles that mediate intercellular communications. As professional phagocytes, neutrophils also produce EVs in response to various inflammatory stimuli during inflammatory processes. Neutrophil-derived EVs can be categorized into 2 subtypes accordin...

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Autor principal: Hong, Chang-Won
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Association of Immunologists 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6312893/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30619629
http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2018.18.e43
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author Hong, Chang-Won
author_facet Hong, Chang-Won
author_sort Hong, Chang-Won
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description Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-derived vesicles that mediate intercellular communications. As professional phagocytes, neutrophils also produce EVs in response to various inflammatory stimuli during inflammatory processes. Neutrophil-derived EVs can be categorized into 2 subtypes according to the mechanism of generation. Neutrophil-derived trails (NDTRs) are generated from migrating neutrophils. The uropods of neutrophils are elongated by adhesion to endothelial cells, and small parts of the uropods are detached, leaving submicrometer-sized NDTRs. Neutrophil-derived microvesicles (NDMVs) are generated from neutrophils which arrived at the inflammatory foci. Membrane blebbing occurs in response to various stimuli at the inflammatory foci, and small parts of the blebs are detached from the neutrophils, leaving NDMVs. These 2 subtypes of neutrophil-derived EVs share common features such as membrane components, receptors, and ligands. However, there are substantial differences between these 2 neutrophil-derived EVs. NDTRs exert pro-inflammatory functions by guiding subsequent immune cells through the inflammatory foci. On the other hand, NDMVs exert anti-inflammatory functions by limiting the excessive immune responses of nearby cells. This review outlines the current understanding of the different subtypes of neutrophil-derived EVs and provides insights into the clinical relevance of neutrophil-derived EVs.
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spelling pubmed-63128932019-01-07 Extracellular Vesicles of Neutrophils Hong, Chang-Won Immune Netw Review Article Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-derived vesicles that mediate intercellular communications. As professional phagocytes, neutrophils also produce EVs in response to various inflammatory stimuli during inflammatory processes. Neutrophil-derived EVs can be categorized into 2 subtypes according to the mechanism of generation. Neutrophil-derived trails (NDTRs) are generated from migrating neutrophils. The uropods of neutrophils are elongated by adhesion to endothelial cells, and small parts of the uropods are detached, leaving submicrometer-sized NDTRs. Neutrophil-derived microvesicles (NDMVs) are generated from neutrophils which arrived at the inflammatory foci. Membrane blebbing occurs in response to various stimuli at the inflammatory foci, and small parts of the blebs are detached from the neutrophils, leaving NDMVs. These 2 subtypes of neutrophil-derived EVs share common features such as membrane components, receptors, and ligands. However, there are substantial differences between these 2 neutrophil-derived EVs. NDTRs exert pro-inflammatory functions by guiding subsequent immune cells through the inflammatory foci. On the other hand, NDMVs exert anti-inflammatory functions by limiting the excessive immune responses of nearby cells. This review outlines the current understanding of the different subtypes of neutrophil-derived EVs and provides insights into the clinical relevance of neutrophil-derived EVs. The Korean Association of Immunologists 2018-12-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6312893/ /pubmed/30619629 http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2018.18.e43 Text en Copyright © 2018. The Korean Association of Immunologists https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Hong, Chang-Won
Extracellular Vesicles of Neutrophils
title Extracellular Vesicles of Neutrophils
title_full Extracellular Vesicles of Neutrophils
title_fullStr Extracellular Vesicles of Neutrophils
title_full_unstemmed Extracellular Vesicles of Neutrophils
title_short Extracellular Vesicles of Neutrophils
title_sort extracellular vesicles of neutrophils
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6312893/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30619629
http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2018.18.e43
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