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Commitment of Oral-Derived Stem Cells in Dental and Maxillofacial Applications

Tissue engineering is based on the interaction between stem cells, biomaterials and factors delivered in biological niches. Oral tissues have been found to be rich in stem cells from different sources: Stem cells from oral cavity are easily harvestable and have shown a great plasticity towards the m...

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Autores principales: Spagnuolo, Gianrico, Codispoti, Bruna, Marrelli, Massimo, Rengo, Carlo, Rengo, Sandro, Tatullo, Marco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6313393/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30551556
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj6040072
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author Spagnuolo, Gianrico
Codispoti, Bruna
Marrelli, Massimo
Rengo, Carlo
Rengo, Sandro
Tatullo, Marco
author_facet Spagnuolo, Gianrico
Codispoti, Bruna
Marrelli, Massimo
Rengo, Carlo
Rengo, Sandro
Tatullo, Marco
author_sort Spagnuolo, Gianrico
collection PubMed
description Tissue engineering is based on the interaction between stem cells, biomaterials and factors delivered in biological niches. Oral tissues have been found to be rich in stem cells from different sources: Stem cells from oral cavity are easily harvestable and have shown a great plasticity towards the main lineages, specifically towards bone tissues. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are the most investigated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from dental tissues, however, the oral cavity hosts several other stem cell lineages that have also been reported to be a good alternative in bone tissue engineering. In particular, the newly discovered population of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human periapical inflamed cysts (hPCy-MSCs) have showed very promising properties, including high plasticity toward bone, vascular and neural phenotypes. In this topical review, the authors described the main oral-derived stem cell populations, their most interesting characteristics and their ability towards osteogenic lineage. This review has also investigated the main clinical procedures, reported in the recent literature, involving oral derived-MSCs and biomaterials to get better bone regeneration in dental procedures. The numerous populations of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from oral tissues (DPSCs, SHEDs, PDLSCs, DFSCs, SCAPs, hPCy-MSCs) retain proliferation ability and multipotency; these features are exploited for clinical purposes, including regeneration of injured tissues and local immunomodulation; we reported on the last studies on the proper use of such MSCs within a biological niche and the proper way to storage them for future clinical use.
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spelling pubmed-63133932019-01-04 Commitment of Oral-Derived Stem Cells in Dental and Maxillofacial Applications Spagnuolo, Gianrico Codispoti, Bruna Marrelli, Massimo Rengo, Carlo Rengo, Sandro Tatullo, Marco Dent J (Basel) Review Tissue engineering is based on the interaction between stem cells, biomaterials and factors delivered in biological niches. Oral tissues have been found to be rich in stem cells from different sources: Stem cells from oral cavity are easily harvestable and have shown a great plasticity towards the main lineages, specifically towards bone tissues. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are the most investigated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from dental tissues, however, the oral cavity hosts several other stem cell lineages that have also been reported to be a good alternative in bone tissue engineering. In particular, the newly discovered population of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human periapical inflamed cysts (hPCy-MSCs) have showed very promising properties, including high plasticity toward bone, vascular and neural phenotypes. In this topical review, the authors described the main oral-derived stem cell populations, their most interesting characteristics and their ability towards osteogenic lineage. This review has also investigated the main clinical procedures, reported in the recent literature, involving oral derived-MSCs and biomaterials to get better bone regeneration in dental procedures. The numerous populations of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from oral tissues (DPSCs, SHEDs, PDLSCs, DFSCs, SCAPs, hPCy-MSCs) retain proliferation ability and multipotency; these features are exploited for clinical purposes, including regeneration of injured tissues and local immunomodulation; we reported on the last studies on the proper use of such MSCs within a biological niche and the proper way to storage them for future clinical use. MDPI 2018-12-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6313393/ /pubmed/30551556 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj6040072 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Spagnuolo, Gianrico
Codispoti, Bruna
Marrelli, Massimo
Rengo, Carlo
Rengo, Sandro
Tatullo, Marco
Commitment of Oral-Derived Stem Cells in Dental and Maxillofacial Applications
title Commitment of Oral-Derived Stem Cells in Dental and Maxillofacial Applications
title_full Commitment of Oral-Derived Stem Cells in Dental and Maxillofacial Applications
title_fullStr Commitment of Oral-Derived Stem Cells in Dental and Maxillofacial Applications
title_full_unstemmed Commitment of Oral-Derived Stem Cells in Dental and Maxillofacial Applications
title_short Commitment of Oral-Derived Stem Cells in Dental and Maxillofacial Applications
title_sort commitment of oral-derived stem cells in dental and maxillofacial applications
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6313393/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30551556
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj6040072
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