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Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico

Expanding agribusiness in Sonora, a state in Northern Mexico, has increased the demand for temporary migrant agricultural workers. Sonora is one of the top states in Mexico for pesticide utilization. We conducted an exploratory study to evaluate exposure to organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid pestic...

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Autores principales: López-Gálvez, Nicolás, Wagoner, Rietta, Beamer, Paloma, de Zapien, Jill, Rosales, Cecilia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6313604/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30486281
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122651
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author López-Gálvez, Nicolás
Wagoner, Rietta
Beamer, Paloma
de Zapien, Jill
Rosales, Cecilia
author_facet López-Gálvez, Nicolás
Wagoner, Rietta
Beamer, Paloma
de Zapien, Jill
Rosales, Cecilia
author_sort López-Gálvez, Nicolás
collection PubMed
description Expanding agribusiness in Sonora, a state in Northern Mexico, has increased the demand for temporary migrant agricultural workers. Sonora is one of the top states in Mexico for pesticide utilization. We conducted an exploratory study to evaluate exposure to organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid pesticides among migrant farmworkers. A sample of 20 migrant farmworkers was recruited from a large commercial grape farm during the harvest season. We administered a questionnaire on work activities, exposure characteristics, and socio-demographics. We collected urine samples to quantify pesticide metabolite concentrations. Most participants were originally from the state of Chiapas, Mexico, none had completed high school, and about half spoke an indigenous language as well as Spanish. The majority of participants had detectable concentrations of pyrethroid and organophosphate biomarkers. Geometric mean creatinine-adjusted concentrations for 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (1.83 µg/g), trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (0.88 µg/g), 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (0.94 µg/g), 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (3.56 µg/g), and para-nitrophenol (0.63 µg/g) were significantly higher than in the general United States’ population and Mexican Americans. Our results also suggest that migrant farmworkers in this region are exposed to pesticides at higher levels than other farmworkers’ studies. Farmworkers’ age, language, training on personal protective equipment, time at the farm, and season, were significant exposure determinants.
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spelling pubmed-63136042019-06-17 Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico López-Gálvez, Nicolás Wagoner, Rietta Beamer, Paloma de Zapien, Jill Rosales, Cecilia Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Expanding agribusiness in Sonora, a state in Northern Mexico, has increased the demand for temporary migrant agricultural workers. Sonora is one of the top states in Mexico for pesticide utilization. We conducted an exploratory study to evaluate exposure to organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid pesticides among migrant farmworkers. A sample of 20 migrant farmworkers was recruited from a large commercial grape farm during the harvest season. We administered a questionnaire on work activities, exposure characteristics, and socio-demographics. We collected urine samples to quantify pesticide metabolite concentrations. Most participants were originally from the state of Chiapas, Mexico, none had completed high school, and about half spoke an indigenous language as well as Spanish. The majority of participants had detectable concentrations of pyrethroid and organophosphate biomarkers. Geometric mean creatinine-adjusted concentrations for 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (1.83 µg/g), trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (0.88 µg/g), 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (0.94 µg/g), 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (3.56 µg/g), and para-nitrophenol (0.63 µg/g) were significantly higher than in the general United States’ population and Mexican Americans. Our results also suggest that migrant farmworkers in this region are exposed to pesticides at higher levels than other farmworkers’ studies. Farmworkers’ age, language, training on personal protective equipment, time at the farm, and season, were significant exposure determinants. MDPI 2018-11-26 2018-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6313604/ /pubmed/30486281 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122651 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
López-Gálvez, Nicolás
Wagoner, Rietta
Beamer, Paloma
de Zapien, Jill
Rosales, Cecilia
Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico
title Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico
title_full Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico
title_fullStr Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico
title_full_unstemmed Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico
title_short Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico
title_sort migrant farmworkers’ exposure to pesticides in sonora, mexico
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6313604/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30486281
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122651
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