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Functions of Flavonoids in Plant–Nematode Interactions
Most land plants can become infected by plant parasitic nematodes in the field. Plant parasitic nematodes can be free-living or endoparasitic, and they usually infect plant roots. Most damaging are endoparasites, which form feeding sites inside plant roots that damage the root system and redirect nu...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6313853/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30326617 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants7040085 |
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author | Chin, Sabrina Behm, Carolyn A. Mathesius, Ulrike |
author_facet | Chin, Sabrina Behm, Carolyn A. Mathesius, Ulrike |
author_sort | Chin, Sabrina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Most land plants can become infected by plant parasitic nematodes in the field. Plant parasitic nematodes can be free-living or endoparasitic, and they usually infect plant roots. Most damaging are endoparasites, which form feeding sites inside plant roots that damage the root system and redirect nutrients towards the parasite. This process involves developmental changes to the root in parallel with the induction of defense responses. Plant flavonoids are secondary metabolites that have roles in both root development and plant defense responses against a range of microorganisms. Here, we review our current knowledge of the roles of flavonoids in the interactions between plants and plant parasitic nematodes. Flavonoids are induced during nematode infection in plant roots, and more highly so in resistant compared with susceptible plant cultivars, but many of their functions remain unclear. Flavonoids have been shown to alter feeding site development to some extent, but so far have not been found to be essential for root–parasite interactions. However, they likely contribute to chemotactic attraction or repulsion of nematodes towards or away from roots and might help in the general plant defense against nematodes. Certain flavonoids have also been associated with functions in nematode reproduction, although the mechanism remains unknown. Much remains to be examined in this area, especially under field conditions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6313853 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63138532019-01-07 Functions of Flavonoids in Plant–Nematode Interactions Chin, Sabrina Behm, Carolyn A. Mathesius, Ulrike Plants (Basel) Review Most land plants can become infected by plant parasitic nematodes in the field. Plant parasitic nematodes can be free-living or endoparasitic, and they usually infect plant roots. Most damaging are endoparasites, which form feeding sites inside plant roots that damage the root system and redirect nutrients towards the parasite. This process involves developmental changes to the root in parallel with the induction of defense responses. Plant flavonoids are secondary metabolites that have roles in both root development and plant defense responses against a range of microorganisms. Here, we review our current knowledge of the roles of flavonoids in the interactions between plants and plant parasitic nematodes. Flavonoids are induced during nematode infection in plant roots, and more highly so in resistant compared with susceptible plant cultivars, but many of their functions remain unclear. Flavonoids have been shown to alter feeding site development to some extent, but so far have not been found to be essential for root–parasite interactions. However, they likely contribute to chemotactic attraction or repulsion of nematodes towards or away from roots and might help in the general plant defense against nematodes. Certain flavonoids have also been associated with functions in nematode reproduction, although the mechanism remains unknown. Much remains to be examined in this area, especially under field conditions. MDPI 2018-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6313853/ /pubmed/30326617 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants7040085 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Chin, Sabrina Behm, Carolyn A. Mathesius, Ulrike Functions of Flavonoids in Plant–Nematode Interactions |
title | Functions of Flavonoids in Plant–Nematode Interactions |
title_full | Functions of Flavonoids in Plant–Nematode Interactions |
title_fullStr | Functions of Flavonoids in Plant–Nematode Interactions |
title_full_unstemmed | Functions of Flavonoids in Plant–Nematode Interactions |
title_short | Functions of Flavonoids in Plant–Nematode Interactions |
title_sort | functions of flavonoids in plant–nematode interactions |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6313853/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30326617 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants7040085 |
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