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A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate
Any object can be considered as a spatial distribution of atoms and molecules; in this sense, we can manufacture any object as long as the precise distribution of atoms and molecules is achieved. However, the current point-by-point methods to precisely manipulate single atoms and single molecules, s...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315596/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30545105 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8121036 |
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author | Li, Changhai Zhang, Fengqiang Zhang, Jia Guo, Bin Wang, Zhenlong |
author_facet | Li, Changhai Zhang, Fengqiang Zhang, Jia Guo, Bin Wang, Zhenlong |
author_sort | Li, Changhai |
collection | PubMed |
description | Any object can be considered as a spatial distribution of atoms and molecules; in this sense, we can manufacture any object as long as the precise distribution of atoms and molecules is achieved. However, the current point-by-point methods to precisely manipulate single atoms and single molecules, such as the scanning tunneling microscope (STM), have difficulty in manipulating a large quantity of materials within an acceptable time. The macroscopic manipulation techniques, such as magnetron sputtering, molecular beam epitaxy, and evaporation, could not precisely control the distribution of materials. Herein, we take a step back and present a universal method of controlling the distribution of multimaterails during macroscopic manipulation via microtopography-guided substrates. For any given target distribution of multimaterials in a plane, the complicated lateral distribution of multimaterials was firstly transformed into a simple spatial lamellar body. Then, a deposition mathematical model was first established based on a mathematical transformation. Meanwhile, the microtopographic substrate can be fabricated according to target distribution based on the deposition mathematical model. Following this, the deposition was implemented on the substrate according to the designed sequence and thickness of each material, resulting in the formation of the deposition body on the substrate. Finally, the actual distribution was obtained on a certain section in the deposition body by removing the upside materials. The actual distribution can mimic the target one with a controllable accuracy. Furthermore, two experiments were performed to validate our method. As a result, we provide a feasible and scalable solution for controlling the distribution of multimaterials, and point out the direction of improving the position accuracy of each material. We may achieve real molecular manufacturing and nano-manufacturing if the position accuracy of distribution approaches the atomic level. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6315596 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63155962019-01-10 A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate Li, Changhai Zhang, Fengqiang Zhang, Jia Guo, Bin Wang, Zhenlong Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Any object can be considered as a spatial distribution of atoms and molecules; in this sense, we can manufacture any object as long as the precise distribution of atoms and molecules is achieved. However, the current point-by-point methods to precisely manipulate single atoms and single molecules, such as the scanning tunneling microscope (STM), have difficulty in manipulating a large quantity of materials within an acceptable time. The macroscopic manipulation techniques, such as magnetron sputtering, molecular beam epitaxy, and evaporation, could not precisely control the distribution of materials. Herein, we take a step back and present a universal method of controlling the distribution of multimaterails during macroscopic manipulation via microtopography-guided substrates. For any given target distribution of multimaterials in a plane, the complicated lateral distribution of multimaterials was firstly transformed into a simple spatial lamellar body. Then, a deposition mathematical model was first established based on a mathematical transformation. Meanwhile, the microtopographic substrate can be fabricated according to target distribution based on the deposition mathematical model. Following this, the deposition was implemented on the substrate according to the designed sequence and thickness of each material, resulting in the formation of the deposition body on the substrate. Finally, the actual distribution was obtained on a certain section in the deposition body by removing the upside materials. The actual distribution can mimic the target one with a controllable accuracy. Furthermore, two experiments were performed to validate our method. As a result, we provide a feasible and scalable solution for controlling the distribution of multimaterials, and point out the direction of improving the position accuracy of each material. We may achieve real molecular manufacturing and nano-manufacturing if the position accuracy of distribution approaches the atomic level. MDPI 2018-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6315596/ /pubmed/30545105 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8121036 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Li, Changhai Zhang, Fengqiang Zhang, Jia Guo, Bin Wang, Zhenlong A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate |
title | A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate |
title_full | A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate |
title_fullStr | A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate |
title_full_unstemmed | A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate |
title_short | A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate |
title_sort | universal solution of controlling the distribution of multimaterials during macroscopic manipulation via a microtopography-guided substrate |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315596/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30545105 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8121036 |
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