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A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate

Any object can be considered as a spatial distribution of atoms and molecules; in this sense, we can manufacture any object as long as the precise distribution of atoms and molecules is achieved. However, the current point-by-point methods to precisely manipulate single atoms and single molecules, s...

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Autores principales: Li, Changhai, Zhang, Fengqiang, Zhang, Jia, Guo, Bin, Wang, Zhenlong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315596/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30545105
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8121036
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author Li, Changhai
Zhang, Fengqiang
Zhang, Jia
Guo, Bin
Wang, Zhenlong
author_facet Li, Changhai
Zhang, Fengqiang
Zhang, Jia
Guo, Bin
Wang, Zhenlong
author_sort Li, Changhai
collection PubMed
description Any object can be considered as a spatial distribution of atoms and molecules; in this sense, we can manufacture any object as long as the precise distribution of atoms and molecules is achieved. However, the current point-by-point methods to precisely manipulate single atoms and single molecules, such as the scanning tunneling microscope (STM), have difficulty in manipulating a large quantity of materials within an acceptable time. The macroscopic manipulation techniques, such as magnetron sputtering, molecular beam epitaxy, and evaporation, could not precisely control the distribution of materials. Herein, we take a step back and present a universal method of controlling the distribution of multimaterails during macroscopic manipulation via microtopography-guided substrates. For any given target distribution of multimaterials in a plane, the complicated lateral distribution of multimaterials was firstly transformed into a simple spatial lamellar body. Then, a deposition mathematical model was first established based on a mathematical transformation. Meanwhile, the microtopographic substrate can be fabricated according to target distribution based on the deposition mathematical model. Following this, the deposition was implemented on the substrate according to the designed sequence and thickness of each material, resulting in the formation of the deposition body on the substrate. Finally, the actual distribution was obtained on a certain section in the deposition body by removing the upside materials. The actual distribution can mimic the target one with a controllable accuracy. Furthermore, two experiments were performed to validate our method. As a result, we provide a feasible and scalable solution for controlling the distribution of multimaterials, and point out the direction of improving the position accuracy of each material. We may achieve real molecular manufacturing and nano-manufacturing if the position accuracy of distribution approaches the atomic level.
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spelling pubmed-63155962019-01-10 A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate Li, Changhai Zhang, Fengqiang Zhang, Jia Guo, Bin Wang, Zhenlong Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Any object can be considered as a spatial distribution of atoms and molecules; in this sense, we can manufacture any object as long as the precise distribution of atoms and molecules is achieved. However, the current point-by-point methods to precisely manipulate single atoms and single molecules, such as the scanning tunneling microscope (STM), have difficulty in manipulating a large quantity of materials within an acceptable time. The macroscopic manipulation techniques, such as magnetron sputtering, molecular beam epitaxy, and evaporation, could not precisely control the distribution of materials. Herein, we take a step back and present a universal method of controlling the distribution of multimaterails during macroscopic manipulation via microtopography-guided substrates. For any given target distribution of multimaterials in a plane, the complicated lateral distribution of multimaterials was firstly transformed into a simple spatial lamellar body. Then, a deposition mathematical model was first established based on a mathematical transformation. Meanwhile, the microtopographic substrate can be fabricated according to target distribution based on the deposition mathematical model. Following this, the deposition was implemented on the substrate according to the designed sequence and thickness of each material, resulting in the formation of the deposition body on the substrate. Finally, the actual distribution was obtained on a certain section in the deposition body by removing the upside materials. The actual distribution can mimic the target one with a controllable accuracy. Furthermore, two experiments were performed to validate our method. As a result, we provide a feasible and scalable solution for controlling the distribution of multimaterials, and point out the direction of improving the position accuracy of each material. We may achieve real molecular manufacturing and nano-manufacturing if the position accuracy of distribution approaches the atomic level. MDPI 2018-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6315596/ /pubmed/30545105 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8121036 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Li, Changhai
Zhang, Fengqiang
Zhang, Jia
Guo, Bin
Wang, Zhenlong
A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate
title A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate
title_full A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate
title_fullStr A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate
title_full_unstemmed A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate
title_short A Universal Solution of Controlling the Distribution of Multimaterials during Macroscopic Manipulation via a Microtopography-Guided Substrate
title_sort universal solution of controlling the distribution of multimaterials during macroscopic manipulation via a microtopography-guided substrate
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315596/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30545105
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8121036
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