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Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets

Multiple viruses with zoonotic potential have been isolated from bats globally. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel paramyxovirus, Alston virus (AlsPV), isolated from urine collected from an Australian pteropid bat colony in Alstonville, New South Wales. Characterization o...

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Autores principales: Johnson, Rebecca I., Tachedjian, Mary, Rowe, Brenton, Clayton, Bronwyn A., Layton, Rachel, Bergfeld, Jemma, Wang, Lin-Fa, Marsh, Glenn A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315912/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30487438
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10120675
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author Johnson, Rebecca I.
Tachedjian, Mary
Rowe, Brenton
Clayton, Bronwyn A.
Layton, Rachel
Bergfeld, Jemma
Wang, Lin-Fa
Marsh, Glenn A.
author_facet Johnson, Rebecca I.
Tachedjian, Mary
Rowe, Brenton
Clayton, Bronwyn A.
Layton, Rachel
Bergfeld, Jemma
Wang, Lin-Fa
Marsh, Glenn A.
author_sort Johnson, Rebecca I.
collection PubMed
description Multiple viruses with zoonotic potential have been isolated from bats globally. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel paramyxovirus, Alston virus (AlsPV), isolated from urine collected from an Australian pteropid bat colony in Alstonville, New South Wales. Characterization of AlsPV by whole-genome sequencing and analyzing antigenic relatedness revealed it is a rubulavirus that is closely related to parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5). Intranasal exposure of mice to AlsPV resulted in no clinical signs of disease, although viral RNA was detected in the olfactory bulbs of two mice at 21 days post exposure. Oronasal challenge of ferrets resulted in subclinical upper respiratory tract infection, viral shedding in respiratory secretions, and detection of viral antigen in the olfactory bulb of the brain. These results imply that AlsPV may be similar to PIV5 in its ability to infect multiple mammalian host species. This isolation of a novel paramyxovirus with the potential to transmit from bats to other mammalian species reinforces the importance of continued surveillance of bats as a source of emerging viruses.
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spelling pubmed-63159122019-01-10 Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets Johnson, Rebecca I. Tachedjian, Mary Rowe, Brenton Clayton, Bronwyn A. Layton, Rachel Bergfeld, Jemma Wang, Lin-Fa Marsh, Glenn A. Viruses Article Multiple viruses with zoonotic potential have been isolated from bats globally. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel paramyxovirus, Alston virus (AlsPV), isolated from urine collected from an Australian pteropid bat colony in Alstonville, New South Wales. Characterization of AlsPV by whole-genome sequencing and analyzing antigenic relatedness revealed it is a rubulavirus that is closely related to parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5). Intranasal exposure of mice to AlsPV resulted in no clinical signs of disease, although viral RNA was detected in the olfactory bulbs of two mice at 21 days post exposure. Oronasal challenge of ferrets resulted in subclinical upper respiratory tract infection, viral shedding in respiratory secretions, and detection of viral antigen in the olfactory bulb of the brain. These results imply that AlsPV may be similar to PIV5 in its ability to infect multiple mammalian host species. This isolation of a novel paramyxovirus with the potential to transmit from bats to other mammalian species reinforces the importance of continued surveillance of bats as a source of emerging viruses. MDPI 2018-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6315912/ /pubmed/30487438 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10120675 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Johnson, Rebecca I.
Tachedjian, Mary
Rowe, Brenton
Clayton, Bronwyn A.
Layton, Rachel
Bergfeld, Jemma
Wang, Lin-Fa
Marsh, Glenn A.
Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets
title Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets
title_full Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets
title_fullStr Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets
title_full_unstemmed Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets
title_short Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets
title_sort alston virus, a novel paramyxovirus isolated from bats causes upper respiratory tract infection in experimentally challenged ferrets
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315912/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30487438
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10120675
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