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Non-Coding RNA in Pancreas and β-Cell Development

In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of different classes of non-coding RNAs for islet and β-cell development, maturation and function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a prominent class of small RNAs, have been investigated for more than two decades and patterns of the rol...

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Autores principales: Wong, Wilson K. M., Sørensen, Anja E., Joglekar, Mugdha V., Hardikar, Anand A., Dalgaard, Louise T.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315983/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30551650
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna4040041
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author Wong, Wilson K. M.
Sørensen, Anja E.
Joglekar, Mugdha V.
Hardikar, Anand A.
Dalgaard, Louise T.
author_facet Wong, Wilson K. M.
Sørensen, Anja E.
Joglekar, Mugdha V.
Hardikar, Anand A.
Dalgaard, Louise T.
author_sort Wong, Wilson K. M.
collection PubMed
description In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of different classes of non-coding RNAs for islet and β-cell development, maturation and function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a prominent class of small RNAs, have been investigated for more than two decades and patterns of the roles of different miRNAs in pancreatic fetal development, islet and β-cell maturation and function are now emerging. Specific miRNAs are dynamically regulated throughout the period of pancreas development, during islet and β-cell differentiation as well as in the perinatal period, where a burst of β-cell replication takes place. The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in islet and β-cells is less investigated than for miRNAs, but knowledge is increasing rapidly. The advent of ultra-deep RNA sequencing has enabled the identification of highly islet- or β-cell-selective lncRNA transcripts expressed at low levels. Their roles in islet cells are currently only characterized for a few of these lncRNAs, and these are often associated with β-cell super-enhancers and regulate neighboring gene activity. Moreover, ncRNAs present in imprinted regions are involved in pancreas development and β-cell function. Altogether, these observations support significant and important actions of ncRNAs in β-cell development and function.
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spelling pubmed-63159832019-01-11 Non-Coding RNA in Pancreas and β-Cell Development Wong, Wilson K. M. Sørensen, Anja E. Joglekar, Mugdha V. Hardikar, Anand A. Dalgaard, Louise T. Noncoding RNA Review In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of different classes of non-coding RNAs for islet and β-cell development, maturation and function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a prominent class of small RNAs, have been investigated for more than two decades and patterns of the roles of different miRNAs in pancreatic fetal development, islet and β-cell maturation and function are now emerging. Specific miRNAs are dynamically regulated throughout the period of pancreas development, during islet and β-cell differentiation as well as in the perinatal period, where a burst of β-cell replication takes place. The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in islet and β-cells is less investigated than for miRNAs, but knowledge is increasing rapidly. The advent of ultra-deep RNA sequencing has enabled the identification of highly islet- or β-cell-selective lncRNA transcripts expressed at low levels. Their roles in islet cells are currently only characterized for a few of these lncRNAs, and these are often associated with β-cell super-enhancers and regulate neighboring gene activity. Moreover, ncRNAs present in imprinted regions are involved in pancreas development and β-cell function. Altogether, these observations support significant and important actions of ncRNAs in β-cell development and function. MDPI 2018-12-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6315983/ /pubmed/30551650 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna4040041 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Wong, Wilson K. M.
Sørensen, Anja E.
Joglekar, Mugdha V.
Hardikar, Anand A.
Dalgaard, Louise T.
Non-Coding RNA in Pancreas and β-Cell Development
title Non-Coding RNA in Pancreas and β-Cell Development
title_full Non-Coding RNA in Pancreas and β-Cell Development
title_fullStr Non-Coding RNA in Pancreas and β-Cell Development
title_full_unstemmed Non-Coding RNA in Pancreas and β-Cell Development
title_short Non-Coding RNA in Pancreas and β-Cell Development
title_sort non-coding rna in pancreas and β-cell development
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315983/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30551650
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna4040041
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